FRACTIONAL RESERVE BANKING Fractional reserve banking is a system under which bankers keep as reserves only a fraction of the funds they hold on deposit. This system has three features: • Bank Profitability By getting deposits at zero interest and lending some of them out at positive interest rates‚ goldsmiths made profits. The history of banking as a profitmaking industry was begun and has continued to this date. Banks‚ like other enterprises‚ are in business to earn profits. • Bank Discretion
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Binary fission begins with DNA replication. DNA replication starts from an origin of replication‚ which opens up into a replication bubble (note: prokaryotic DNA replication usually has only 1 origin of replication‚ whereas eukaryotes have multiple origins of replication). The replication bubble separates the DNA double strand‚ each strand acts as template for synthesis of a daughter strand by semiconservative replication‚ until the entire prokaryotic DNA is duplicated. After this replicational
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Mixtures and Solutions can often become confusing because solutions are mixtures‚ but not all mixtures are solutions. A mixture can either be homogeneous or heterogeneous. A homogeneous mixture is where the mixture’s components are distributed uniformly within the mixture. A heterogeneous mixture is where the components are not uniform. Mixtures can either be miscible or immiscible‚ the difference being whether or not the mixture forms a homogeneous mixture or not. In a solution a solute is soluble
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with 3 moles of compound B‚ with vapor pressure 480mmHg at 50oC to form a homogeneous solution. What is the vapor pressure of mixture at 50oC? XA =moles of A\total No. of moles XA =1\4 XB=3\4 Ptotal=PAoXA+PBoXB =400*1\4 + 480*3\4 = 460mmHg 2. Why should a distilling flask be filled not less than 1\3 filled or more than 2\3 full? This is to allow the liquid being heated room to expand as it turns to a vapor. Also‚ 1\3 would cause too much pressure‚ and 2\3 not enough pressure. In
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خضر 2012\2011 ﻣﻴﺴﺎء ﻋﺒﺪ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺧﻀﺮاﻟﺪﺑﺎس اﻟﺠﺎﻣﻌﺔ اﻟﺘﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ/ﻗﺴﻢ ﻋﻠﻮم اﻟﺤﺎﺳﻮب Contents Lectured One: Number system operation 1- Decimal numbers. 2- Binary numbers. 3- Octal numbers. 4- Hexadecimal numbers. Lectured Two: Binary arithmetic 1- Binary Addition. 2- Binary Subtraction. 3- 1 ’s and 2 ’s Complement of Binary Number. 4- Hexadecimal Addition &Subtraction. 5- Octal Addition &Subtraction. 6- Gray Code. 7- Access3 code. Lectured Three: Logic Gats 1- Set of Gats AND‚
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of solvent extraction‚ also known as liquid-liquid extraction‚ a method of separating two materials with different physical and/or chemical properties. Two methods of evaporation will be used to finally determine the concentration of impurity- one using an explosion-proof hot-plate‚ and one using a rotovap. III. Theory Fig. 1a+1b. Figure 1a shows how water and oil separate in the separatory funnel‚ while figure 1b shows the actual apparatus. Liquid-Liquid extraction is a versatile and dependable
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MIXTURES‚ SOLUTIONS‚ SUSPENSIONS AND COLLOIDS MIXTURES A mixture is a combination made up of two or more different substances which are mixed but are not chemically bonded. There are also types of mixtures such as homogeneous mixtures and heterogeneous mixtures. SOLUTIONS A solution is defined as a homogeneous mixture composed of a solute; a substance dissolved into another substance known as a solvent. They can also be defined as groups of molecules that are mixed up completely in even
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DISTILLATION- SEPARATION OF A MIXTURE Ronald Ogbu‚ Alex 27th Aug. 2013 Purpose: To separate mixture of acetone and toluene using simple‚ packed and unpacked distillation columns. Results and Discussion: There were three distillation setups: simple‚ unpacked and pack fractional. All three procedures had different distillation apparatus but the unknown mixture was the same for all. The unknown liquid in a 50 ml round bottom flask was heated in a heating mantle such that a
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packed closely together‚ but they are able to move around. Hence a fluid does not have a rigid shape‚ but adapts to the contours of the container that holds it. Like a liquid a gas has no fixed shape‚ but it has little resistance to compression because there is enough empty space for the molecules to move closer. Whereas a liquid placed in a container will form a puddle at the bottom of the container‚ a gas will expand to fill the container. Although the three categories seem very well defined
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Separation of a Mixture Introduction: Mixtures are not unique to chemistry; you use and consume them on a daily basis. The beverages you drink each morning‚ the fuel you use in your automobile‚ and the ground you walk on are mixtures. Very few materials that you encounter are pure. Any material made up of two or more substances that are not chemically combined is a mixture. The isolation of pure components of a mixture requires the separation of one component from another. Techniques
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