96‚ 27. Jenkins‚ G.‚ & Wright‚ D. (1998). Managing inflexible supply chains. International Journal of Logistics Management‚ 9‚ 2‚ 83. Lange‚ C. (2004‚ November). Extreme makeover: Supply chain edition. Chemical Market Report‚ 266‚ 16‚ 21. 14 15 Distillation is the separation of heavy crude oil into lighter groups (called fractions) of hydrocarbons. Naphtha is used in the production of gasoline and is the primary source from which petrochemicals are derived. 16 Cracking is the process of breaking down
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optical rotation and refractive index. In this experiment‚ limonene will be isolated by steam distillation. Normally‚ big molecules such as limonene require very high temperatures to boil. In the presence of water‚ liquids which are immiscible with water tend to boil below its normal boiling point. Steam distillation looks like this: Source: http://mywadud.wordpress.com Normal distillation would require extremely high temperatures and would be more time consuming. Distilling in the presence
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Formation of an Alkene by Alcohol Dehydration Lab Report Balanced Chemical Equation for the Main Reaction Mechanism The acid-catalyzed dehydration of secondary and tertiary alcohols involves non-isolable carbocation intermediaries. In the first step of the of the reaction mechanism below‚ a phosphoric acid catalyst adds a proton to the oxygen atom of the alcohol to form an oxonium ion. The OH is converted to a better leaving group as the positive charge on the oxygen weakens the carbon-oxygen
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Available ONLINE www.vsrdjournals.com VSRD-MAP‚ Vol. 2 (5)‚ 2012‚ 166-173 Distillation of Water by Solar Energy 1Anirudh Biswas* and 2Ruby RESEARCH ARTICLE RESEARCH ARTICLE ABSTRACT The purpose of this research is to design a water distillation system that can purify water from nearly any source‚ a system that is relatively cheap‚ portable‚ and depends only on renewable solar energy. From the results of project calculations a truthful estimate was made to prototype the most effective geometries
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odor of the essential oils. Objectives This study aims to determine the quantity‚ intensity‚ and resemblance of the essential oils produced in comparison with the Sampaguita flower using two different methods: solvent extraction and hydro distillation. Specifically‚ this study aims to achieve the following objectives: 1.
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Oxidation: Cyclohexanone from Cyclohexanol by Hypochlorite Oxidation and Adipic Acid from Cyclohexanone DATE: 4/18/2014 INTRODUCTION: In experiment 4‚ alcohol is oxidized to a ketone with household bleach. The product is then isolated by steam distillation and is extracted into the distillate with ether. After the removal of ether‚ it leaves the product cyclohexanone. In experiment 6‚ cyclohexanone is oxidized by potassium permanganate. Manganese dioxide is filtered off and the filtrate is concentrated
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However‚ during distillation‚ the temperature never reached 130 degrees C on the thermometer. The thermometer could have been faulty or it could simply be that the thermometer needed to be place closer to the boiling solution. Because of this‚ the beakers were never switched
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0°c and melting point is 100°c. The traditional process used in distillation is vacuum distillation basically the boiling of water at less than atmospheric pressure and as a result a much lower temperature than normal. Distillation is a very expensive process‚ so people use eco distillations. Eco distillation is a process called Solar distillation. Solar desalination is a technique to desalinate water using solar energy. Distillation processes can also occur in the nature. The formation of sea ice
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It can assure consumers that they will be drinking safe‚ non-chemical added water. Additionally‚ distillation removes potentially harmful contaminants and does not contain any pathogens. In the article “Why You Should Drink Distilled Water” Dr. David Williams explains that as the process is ongoing pathogens are being killed. He states‚ “The boiling action
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Heather Myers iLab‚ Week #6 CRUDE OIL DISTILLATION Introduction The purpose of this lab is to distill crude oil and learn how the chemical properties influence the temperature. The distillation of a substance is based on the boiling points. When the crude oil is brought to a boil‚ at 275°C‚ the gasoline and kerosene are distilled‚ but the lubricant remains part of the crude oil. Procedure 1. From the Equipment menu‚ select Distillation Equipment and obtain a Round Bottom Flask (100 ml). 2. Select
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