Process Principles 2 The course covers the development of energy balances as applied to a wide range of chemical processes such as mixers‚ distillation columns‚ evaporators and reactors. The module also provides elementary techniques for the evaluation of vapor-liquid and liquid-liquid equilibria‚ and gives an introduction to the unit operation-distillation. Engineering Design The course covers two subject areas related to design: engineering drawing and simple structural mechanics. An introduction
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Isolation of Acetyleugenol (Clove Oil) from Cloves Purpose In this experiment‚ you will obtain the essential oil from cloves by steam distillation. You will then separate a component (acetyleugenol) from the oil by liquid-liquid extraction. Finally‚ you will isolate the acetyleugenol by using a rotovap for reduced pressure distillation‚ which will remove the organic solvent (dichloromethane). Background Whole cloves contain between 14% and 20% by weight of essential oils‚ but
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Title : The Beer-Lambert Law and Its Limitation Objective : 1. To determine the linear relationship between absorbance and concentration of an absorbing species. 2. To study the effects of molecular dissociation complex formation on the applicability of the Beer-Lambert Law. 3. To investigate the derivation and limitation of Beer-Lambert Law. Introduction: In optics‚ the Beer–Lambert law‚ also known as Beer ’s law‚ the Lambert–Beer law‚ or the Beer–Lambert–Bouguer law relates the absorption
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information with FDA.” (211)There is no testing needed to pass any regulations in the U.S. Not securing the safety of the products that are being used in salons. Exposing manicurist to the chemicals like toluene and formaldehyde. Where the FDA concluded them safe‚ but testing showing otherwise. Toluene is used in nail salons because of the smooth finish it give to the nails. In addition ‚ It also prevent the pigments from the nail polish bottle to
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References: Butkovskii‚ A. G.‚ Postnov‚ S. S.‚ & Postnova‚ E. A. (2013). Fractional integro-differential calculus and its control-theoretical applications. II. Fractional dynamic systems: Modeling and hardware implementation. Automation and Remote Control‚ 74(5)‚ 725-749. Chernyak‚ V. Y.‚ Chertkov‚ M.‚ Bierkens‚ J.‚ & Kappen‚ H. J. (2014). Stochastic optimal control as non-equilibrium
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www.ProcessEngr.com Oil Refinery Processes A Brief Overview Ronald (Ron) F. Colwell‚ P.E. mol`bpp Copyright © 2009 Process Engineering Associates‚ LLC. All rights reserved. “Excellence in Applied Chemical Engineering” Some Historical Events • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 3000 BC Sumerians use asphalt as an adhesive; Eqyptians use pitch to grease chariot wheels; Mesopotamians use bitumen to seal boats 600 BC Confucius writes about drilling a 100’ gas well
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| Separation of Nitrophenols | | | | Abstract: Using a micro scale steam distillation we separated ortho and para-nitrophenol from a mixture that was already made. After the para and ortho were separated we measured their melting points and compared it to the literature values for purity. For ortho-nitrophenol we had 60% recovery and for para 160% recovery. Our melting point ranges were ortho: 45-46°C and para 64-95°C. Introduction: Nitration: In phenols‚ -OH group strongly
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flash distillation. Saudi Arabia has multistage flash distillation plants as well as osmosis plants for desalination. Places that require desalination most are dry‚ coastal areas. In the US‚ the largest desalination plant is located in Florida‚ but other states such as Texas and California are also beginning to develop desalination
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Explosives A chemical explosive is a compound or a mixture of compounds susceptible of a rapid chemical reaction causing a quick physical outburst of gases or heat radiation. The first explosives were created by the Chinese in the 11th century. These were mixtures of nitrate salts‚ sulfur and charcoal‚ now known as black powder. Gunpowder which is a low explosive‚ exhibits deflagration‚ or rapid burning‚ rather than detonation‚ the reaction exhibited by high explosives. While‚ perhaps counterintuitively
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nature. The aviation industry in general is usually the first industry to be affected by periods of economic instability and recession and the last to rebound back. Two markets that this report will focus on are that of Fractional Ownership Markets and Cargo Markets. Fractional Ownership Market This involves more affluent customers purchasing a share of an aircraft. It gives these customers/owners the benefits of ownership of a private aircraft‚ but with much reduced costs and less commitment
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