Outline and assess Marxist theories of crime and deviance. (50 marks) Marxists argue that the nature and organisation of capitalism‚ creates the potential for criminal behaviour. Gordon states that capitalism is characterised by class inequalities in the distribution of‚ for example‚ wealth and income‚ poverty‚ unemployment and homelessness. Gordon argues that the ideology of capitalism encourages criminal behaviour in all social classes. The term ‘crime’ means behaviour that breaks the law. For
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“Deviance in sociological context describes actions or behaviors that violate cultural norms including formally-enacted rules (e.g.‚ crime) as well as informal violations of social norms.” People consider an act to be a deviance act because of the three sociological theories: control theory‚ labeling theory and strain theory. It deeply reflected in the movie called "Menace II Society". Control theory. Portrayed in this movie‚ there are 2 control systems working against our motivations to deviate
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During Frank Money’s childhood‚ his family was forced out of Bandera County‚ Texas. Consequently‚ the family had to leave their land‚ their livestock and crops. They had to seek refuge from relatives in Georgia. Frank’s father had to work as a sharecropper while his mother “picked cotton during the day and swept lumber shacks during the night” (Morrison chap. 3). Morrison shows that Frank has to live with such harsh experiences and memories of Texas throughout his life. For example‚ Frank recalls
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Police deviance may be viewed as a very controversial topic by some and most people hold an opinion about it because of the nature of the policing profession. Using the positivist perspective involving empirical knowledge deviance can be defined as “a determined behaviour‚ a product of causation; hence‚ casual‚ explanatory theory can be developed” (Thio 2010:11). As a result of this view‚ police deviance in regards to breaking the law can be justifiable because police work can be stressful. Decades
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My interest for law began when studying the topic of Crime and Deviance in GCSE Sociology. The subject allowed me to look at how society functions‚ the behaviour of different social groups and how the social policies put in place by the bodies of government help regulate the social order. Crime and Deviance taught me how laws are made and enforced and the various crimes which occur within the corporate world for example white collar crimes. This led to my interest being focused on criminal and corporate
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in crime and urban life. (Marsh I 2009) They believed that the industrializing and urbanizing of societies brought social disorganization causing an increase in social problems particularly‚ crime. Influenced by Durkheim’s research‚ the Chicago School saw crime as a social phenomenon. They claimed that certain areas and neighbourhoods were uncontrollable and chaotic due to rapid social changes caused by industrialisation and urbanization making criminality inevitable‚ but only temporary which caused
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CHAPTER FOUR: SOCIAL STRUCTURAL THEORIES Chapter Outline I. The Social Structural Tradition a. The task of sociological criminology is to discover why social animals commit antisocial acts b. Social structure: How society is organized by social institutions—the family‚ and educational‚ religious‚ economic‚ and political institutions—and stratified on the basis of various roles and statuses c. Structural theorists are more interested in seeking causes of group crime rates rather than why
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Case 3: Creative Deviance – Bucking the Hierarchy? One of the major functions of an organizational hierarchy is to increase standardization and control for top managers. Using the chain of command‚ managers can direct the activities of subordinates toward a common purpose. If the right person with creative vision is in charge of a hierarchy‚ the results can be phenomenal. Until Steve Jobs’ regrettable passing in October of 2011‚ Apple had used a strongly top-down creative process in which most major
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There are 5 basic techniques of managing deviance. There is secrecy‚ manipulating the physical setting‚ rationalizations‚ change to non-d`eviance‚ and joining deviant subcultures. The act of secrecy is easily defined as the word itself. The deviant keeps secrets from those around them. The thought behind it being that if nobody ever knows about their deviant behavior there is no one who can place negative sanctions upon the deviant. Next‚ manipulating the physical setting‚ the deviant chooses to
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module. Which theory do you tend to identify with and why? I think that if I absolutely have to choose one theory to identify with it would have to be the differential association theory because I do believe that deviance is a part of a whole bigger picture. I believe that deviance is learned‚ through interactions with others because I see it often with my children‚ friends and family members. One example of this would be my five year old son; he knows what’s expected of him and has complied mostly
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