Reliability is general rather than specific But validity is not general but specific. Reliability is necessary for validity because a test with score which fluctuates very much does not test anything. For example if a test of pronunciation measures pronunciation it is a valid test‚ instead of measures grammar and vocabulary. The test yields dependable scores that is if the scores do not fluctuate very much the test is reliable. means the scores obtained by a student will be close to the score she
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Management Studies I 29 October 2014 Scientific Management and the today organizations Coursework I “Illustrating your analysis with examples‚ including those from the course syllabus‚ examples raised in the seminar discussions‚ and your own private research‚ discuss the influence of the theory of Scientific Management in the design of the modern organisation‚ making reference to both its strengths and weaknesses in
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Introduction…………………………………………………….Pg. 2 II. Management Theories………………………………………….Pg. 3 - 6 1. Scientific Management…………………………………Pg. 3 & 4 2. Organisational Behaviour ……………………………...Pg. 4 - 6 III. Leadership Styles ……………………………………………...Pg. 6 - 9 1. Contingency Theory……………………………………Pg. 6 & 7 2. Team Leadership……………………………………….Pg. 8 & 9 IV. Quality Control…………………………………………………Pg. 10 1. Total Quality Management (TQM) ……… ……………… Pg. 10 - 12 2. Quality
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Scientific management theory and the human relations school theory are both theories developed in the 20th century as a means of increasing proficiency and effectiveness as well as profits and outputs in organisations. While the two theories have two different approaches to reaching organisational goals‚ both theories to an extent aim towards similar goals. Scientific Management was developed by Frederick Taylor as a means of replacing old ‘rule of thumb’ methods with scientific methods for best
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How Scientific Management Influenced Management Thinking Butler (1991‚ pp. 23) believes “ Many of Taylor’s ideas‚ concepts‚ and rules seem even more appropriate today than at the time he promulgated them. Furthermore‚ today’s technology and developments enable a more effective implementation.” The four principles of scientific management according to Butler (1991‚ pp.24) are as follows: Scientific development of the best work methods through observation‚ measurement and analysis – replacing
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1- SCIENTIFIC MANAGAGEMENT: Scientific Management can be described as: It is an approach to accomplish work efficiently based on theory which focuses strongly to structure‚ formulate and split work into specialized tasks and assign them to workers in order to increase overall efficiency as well as determine effective surveillance of workers using clearly defined hierarchies and enabling the management to hold the power of decision. 2- ORIGINS: 2.1 Origin of the Term The term “Scientific Management”
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WESTERN VISAYAS COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA PAZ‚ ILOILO CITY UNIT I - PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT ELMA B. TALAMAN JUDITH ABETO DR. CATHERINE SUMACULOB CATHERINE CERVERA Professor Discussants ------------------------------------------------- Every human being has several needs and desires but no individual can satisfy all his wants. Therefore‚ people work together to meet their mutual needs which they cannot fulfil individually. Moreover‚ man
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thing in management is to put the necessary person on the necessary place and to achieve performance of the task put before it." Sokrat INTRODUCTION Any organisation‚ any enterprise cannot become successful without management. However management as a science in such kind in which we have it now‚ has appeared not at once. As soon as people began to live in organised groups‚ the necessity of management has appeared. At the first stage where groups of people were insignificant‚ management in all
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Management is divided into: * 1st- Planning : I.e Managers have to set objectives of an organization and decide how to achieve them. This will involve developing strategies‚ precises tactics‚ and allocating resources of people and money. * 2nd-Organizing: This involves analysing and classifying the activities of the organization and the relations among them. Then separate manageable activities from individuals ones. Staff the organization with qualifies people‚ that means
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Scientific management How was Taylorism received outside the USA? Contrast the reception of Taylorism in two different countries‚ one Western‚ one Asian‚ in your answer. Introduction Frederick W. Taylor with a group of followers who rallied alongside with him examines management in the late ninetieth and early twentieth century. Scientific management then came along from Taylor’s studies of time management and productivity in an organization. It had made its first appearance in the USA which
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