The concept of resonance was the broad general idea that enlightened this particular lab. A natural vibrating frequency occurs when a tuning fork vibrates after a student struck the tuning fork. When a tuning fork is struck and placed near the column of air‚ it creates a standing wave. A resonance is created when the frequencies of tuning fork and the column of air are equal to each other. For the resonance to occur‚ the distance between the top of the tube and the water must be either ¼ of the wavelength
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low-pass filter (see Figure 2). If the switching rate is periodic‚ then the time it takes for a full switching cycle Tswc is given by ! T ≡ T +T ! swc on off (1.1) where Ton is the time the switch is on and Toff is the time that it is off. The frequency or rate of ! ! switching is f swc = 1 1 = Tswc Ton +Toff (1.2) ! To automate and keep the switching periodic‚ an algorithm was written and implemented
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CHAPTER -2 SADDLE ANTENNA 2.1 NOVEL UWB ANTENNA DESIGN CONCEPT Saddle antenna is a unique kind of flared antenna. This Ultra Wide Band antenna is based on using of two smoothly shaped flares of a simple geometrical structure – the saddle. The first flare‚ larger in size‚ serves as an antenna base‚ reflector and one of the radiator arms. The second flare‚ smaller in size‚ operates as the other arm of the radiator. An apparent idea is exploited in this design that an “ideal”
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Sound and music are parts of our everyday sensory experience. Just as humans have eyes for the detection of light and color‚ so we are equipped with ears for the detection of sound. We seldom take the time to ponder the characteristics and behaviors of sound and the mechanisms by which sounds are produced‚ propagated‚ and detected. The basis for an understanding of sound‚ music and hearing is the physics of waves. Sound is a wave which is created by vibrating objects and propagated through a medium
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primarily on using standing sound waves (compressional waves) created by tuning forks in order to determine the speed of sound in air in a tube when it reaches resonance. v=λf v speed of sound in a medium (m/s) wavelength of the waves (m) frequency of the sound source vibrations (Hz)
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How does it work? What issues are addressed? Why is it important? Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum is a form of development of Spread Spectrum Transmission where signals are carried by carriers shifting across many channels. Issues addressed are since the hopping is wider than what is required to transmit information and
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pocket‚ the pin gets detached from the circuit thereby th circuit gets activated. When the circuit gets activated‚ the circuit turns ON the mini loudspeaker. The mi loudspeaker is fed with an alternating signal of audio frequency. This signal vibrates the loud speaker an audio frequency so that it is well heard to us.
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using a low-pass channel. Broadband transmission means modulating a digital or an analog signal using a band-pass channel. 2. Optical signals have very high frequencies. A high frequency means a short wavelength because the wavelength is inversely proportional to the frequency ( = c/f)‚ where c is the propagation speed in the media. 3. The frequency domain of a voice signal is normally continuous because voice is a nonperiodic signal. 4. This is broadband transmission because it involves modulation
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ASSESSMENT TOOLS – A REVIEW Student: Nhut Tien Nguyen Matrikel-Nr: 201975 Supervisor: Dr.-Ing. C. Nguyen Mau Magdeburg‚ November 2013 MODERN POWER SYSTEM STABILITY ASSESSMENT TOOLS – A REVIEW i Keywords Power system stability‚ frequency stability‚ oscillatory stability‚ transient stability‚ voltage stability‚ direct method‚ time domain simulation‚ dynamic security assessment‚ Prony Analysis‚ Eigenanalysis‚ reactive power reserves‚ online voltage stability‚ voltage stability monitoring
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sample molecules selectively absorb radiation of specific wavelengths which causes the change of dipole moment of sample molecules. Consequently‚ the vibrational energy levels of sample molecules transfer from ground state to excited state. The frequency of the absorption peak is determined by the vibrational energy gap. The number of absorption peaks is related to the number of vibrational freedom of the molecule. The intensity of absorption peaks is related to the change of dipole moment and the
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