Case 1: Hereditary fructose intolerance Enzymes are proteins that increase the rate of chemical activity. Their three dimensional structure determines their function‚ and is made of chains of amino acids that have folded into a specific shape with a unique property. Enzymes lower the activation energy needed for a chemical reaction‚ therefore speeding up the process. Multiple enzymes work together in metabolic pathways‚ taking a product (end result) of one metabolic reaction as a substrate (substance
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is that it works to lower the activation energy without being used or changed in the reaction (Hudon-Miller‚ 2012. The breakdown of fructose in the liver starts off with two steps unique to fructose itself‚ prior to entering glycolysis. Fructose‚ a substrate‚ is broken down into the product‚ fructose-1-phophate‚ by the enzyme‚ fructokinase. The second step in
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ENZYMOLOGY DISORDERS OF METABOLISM By Wieslaw Faliszewski Our cells are using various types of substances in order to perform their functions. They also use them as a source of energy to perform all the required tasks. Some of those compounds come from the outside in the form of consumed food; others are synthesized in our body. Majority of those compounds have to be broken into simpler parts that can be used in different metabolic processes. The problem is‚ however‚ that most of the
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John Sievenpiper‚ a professor at the University of Toronto who specializes in medicine‚ is a vocal critic of the anti-fructose group. His main argument is that there is no unique harm from fructose when calories remained the same or added to a controlled diet and the link to overweight obesity and diabetes. His findings or premise is that although biochemistry has shown that fructose is metabolized differently than glucose and could potentially promote fat and weight gain‚ the argument needs to be
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Enzyme Report Case 1 - Hereditary Fructose Intolerance 1 & 2. Enzymes take on a variety of roles in the human body at the cellular level. Specifically‚ they aid in the breakdown of macronutrients such as glucose and fructose so that the body can use them. Although reactions within the body would occur without enzymes‚ enzymes provide control because the reaction is not needed all of the time. Enzymes function in specific environments such as temperature or pH; some enzymes are specific
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A1. Role of Enzymes in Processes Enzymes are organic catalysts that help to speed up the breakdown of a molecule‚ such as fructose. The enzyme helps a chemical reaction take place quickly so that the reaction happens properly. In order for that to happen the enzymes process by the lock and key model‚ the lock is the substrate and the enzyme is the key. The active sites are specific to a certain substrate of a molecule‚ so the enzymes only have one job to do. The shape of an enzyme is not changed
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forms it exists in‚ its effects on the body‚ and how we can avoid it. Body: I. Sugar is the simple name for the sweet‚ short-chained‚ simple carbohydrate used in foods. Sugar is broken down into two categories; simple monosaccharides such as glucose‚ fructose‚ and galactose‚ and complex disaccharides such as sucrose‚ maltose‚ and lactose. a. Sugar is a very calorie dense food with no nutritional value. Not all calories act the same way‚ calories from sugar are more fattening than any other calorie. A
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Enzymes‚ ATP‚ Hereditary Fructose Intolerance WGU Role of enzymes in processes The role of an enzyme is to catalyze a chemical reaction. Usually an enzyme increases the rate of speed of a reaction. Enzymes break down molecules in our body faster than they would normally break down without enzymes. Enzymes work at specific temperatures and pH levels. (Wolfe‚ 2000). For example‚ a stomach enzyme works better in a more acidic environment‚ whereas intestinal enzymes work
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hypothesized that glucose‚ sucrose and fructose would all produce energy through yeast fermentation‚ but that sucrose would have the greatest rate of energy production. The carbon dioxide production was tracked in the fermentation of yeast with solution of no sugar‚ glucose‚ fructose‚ and sucrose over a period of twenty minutes. All of the sugars produced energy‚ but glucose was the most efficient of the three‚ even producing energy at three times the rate of fructose. This difference in efficiency is
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ways or are reversible. Fructose‚ a monosaccharide or simple sugar found in fruits‚ fruit juices and sweeteners such as honey and contains 6 carbons‚ is broken down by an enzymatic reaction. Fructose is a carbohydrate and is a good source of energy for the body‚ but it needs to be broken down by enzymes to become energy that can be used by the body. When fructose is consumed the first step begins with the enzyme fructokinase binding with the fructose which produces fructose-1-phosphate. The second
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