General Features of Oxidative Additions Oxidative addition reactions usually involve a coordinatively unsaturated 16-electron metal complex or five-coordinate 18-electron species‚ and take the general from: [pic] If the A and B ligands in the product are considered to be formally –1‚ then the metal center has increased its oxidation state by +2‚ and this is the origin of the name oxidative addition. Oxidative reaction can occur when a metal complex
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The carcinogenic nature of N-nitrosamines depends on the organs. For example‚ their targets for cancer in rodents include thyroid‚ pancreas‚ urinary bladder‚ trachea‚ lung‚ oral and nasal cavities‚ esophagus‚ kidney and liver. With respect to N-nitrosamides‚ skin‚ bone‚ peripheral nervous system‚ brain‚ small intestine and glandular stomach are targeted organs for cancers. Besides cancer‚ acute myelocytic leukemia and T and B cell lymphoma have also been triggered by N-nitrosamides. In table 8.1
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this specific reaction was as follows: First the protonation of a carbonyl oxygen activates the carboxylic acid towards nucleophillic attack by the alcohol yielding a tetrahedral intermediate‚ in which there are two equivalent hydroxyl groups. One of these hydroxyl groups is eliminated after a proton shift (tautomerism) to give water and the ester. The reaction is a nucleophillic acylsubstitution carried out under acidic conditions of acetic acid and Dowex was also used for supplying protons. The alcohol
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Electrophilic Aromatic Iodination of Vanillin Purpose: The purpose of this laboratory experiment is for an aromatic compound to undergo an electrophilic substitution reaction. To carry this out‚ our method combines sodium iodide and common bleach as the oxidizing agent in aqueous alcohol as the solvent. Balanced Chemical Equations: Physical Properties: Name of Chemical Chemical Structure Molar Mass (g/mol) BP/MP (ºC) Density (g/mL) Mass/Vol. Used Purpose 3-methoxy-4-hydroxybenzaldehye
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The Infra-Red spectra showed the carbonyl of the acetyl groups in addition to the disappearance of the NH band. Their 1H NMR spectra showed the acetyl methyl signals‚ the sugar protons signals and the aromatic signals. The coupling constant value of the anomeric protons 9.8-10.2 Hz indicated that attachment of
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Organic Chemistry Laboratory – CH 200L (2012 – 2013) 2B-Ph Group 9 Experiment 10 Identifying Carboxylic Acids and Derivatives Through Classification Tests Bianca Therese Rivera‚ Camille Aliana Rivera‚ Zarah Mae Roxas‚ Ma. Rosario Teresa Saylo‚ Jean Darlene Semilla and Adrian Yu Department of Pharmacy‚ Faculty of Pharmacy University of Santo Tomas‚ Espana Street‚ Manila 1008 Date Submitted: September 13‚ 2012 ------------------------------------------------- Abstract Carboxylic acid derivatives
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systematic names for the following ethers. CH3–CH2–O–CH2–CH2–CH2–CH3 O SP 18.02 Provide structures for the following systematic names. Systematic name: Isopropyl phenyl ether Systematic name: Cyclohexyl ethyl ether Method B: Other functional groups present‚ ether component is an “alkoxy” substituent. Alkoxy examples: methoxy ─OCH3‚ ethoxy ─OCH2CH3‚ propoxy ─OCH2CH2CH3‚ etc. O C H3 O CH3 O C H3 para-Dimethoxybenzene 3-Methoxy-1-cyclopentene SP 18.03 Provide systematic
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1 CHM 1321 Second Midterm Apr 1 – 2011 (Prof. S. Gambarotta) Your Name: ___________________ Student #: ______________ Exercise key Exercise key 1
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therefore‚ nitrogen donates electron pair forming isocyanide as the main product. 3. Grignard Reagent is prepared under anhydrous conditions. Ans. In Grignard Reagent‚ the carbon-magnesium covalent bond is highly polar with carbon atom of alkyl or aryl group withdrawing electrons from electropositive magnesium and magnesium halogen bond is also ionic – R – Mg – X . So Grignard reagent is highly reactive‚ and react with any source of proton to give hydrocarbons. 176 Twinklegraphics*chemistry-XII
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glycidyl methacrylate. This aromatic methacrylate is considered to be a rigid polymer because of the benzene rings near its center‚ and also provide specific sites for free radical polymerization from its terminal methacrylate groups. Since this structure has hydroxyl groups near the benzene ring‚ this polymer is considered to have high viscosity. Since high viscosity will affect the rigid structure after polymerization‚ a compound‚ typically triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate‚ or TEGDMA‚ is added to
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