3A The Structure of Cells Monday‚ September 30‚ 2013 • Cytology ○ Cyto = cell ○ Logos = study of • Background ○ 1665 Robert Hook’s Micrographia § Was studying cork cells ○ 1833 R. Brown § Discovered nucleus ○ 1838 M. Schleiden § Said that all plants consist of cells ○ 1839 T. Schwann § All animals consist of cells ○ 1855 Virchow § Cells come only from preexisting cells • The Cell Theory ○ Cells are the structural units of all living things
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Organisation Structure An organizational structure defines how job tasks are formally divided‚ grouped‚ and coordinated. (Robbins and Judge 2001). Managers need to address six key elements when they design their organization’s structure: work specialization‚ departmentalization‚ chain of command‚ span of control‚ centralization and decentralization‚ and formalization. Work Specialization Describes the degree to which activities in the organization are subdivided into separate jobs. The essence
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“What comes first? Strategy or structure?” Strategy is a chosen direction that you want to take your company or organization. To establish direction‚ a strategy must be explained to others. Strategy determines what the key activities and factors are in a business. That is‚ in addition to establishing a course for the future‚ one must get others on board for the ride. Most people find that there is a clear definition of the mission or purpose makes possible clear and realistic business objectives
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organisational structure 1. Hierachial structure 2. Flat structure The main hieranchial structure has many layers of management and at times this can cause information to be lost or changed while passing to one person to another. This type of structure is like a wise based triangle and every person in it has a line manager who is responsible for the work done by him‚ this makes communication slow and getting things done takes a great deal of effort‚ modern companies use a flatter structure where
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Physiology Packet #1 Slate Masunaga Period 6 Table Of Contents: Chapter 1 Vocabulary Chapter 2 Vocabulary Chapter 3 Vocabulary Did you get it Questions Chapters 1-3 (in order) Review Questions Chapters 1-3 Chapter 1 Vocabulary Anatomy: structure Physiology: function Transverse/horizontal: plane that divides body into superior/upper & an inferior/lower sections Sagittal lengthwise plane dividing the body into right & left sections Midsagittal/median: lengthwise plane passing along
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Data Structures and Algorithms DSA Annotated Reference with Examples Granville Barne Luca Del Tongo Data Structures and Algorithms: Annotated Reference with Examples First Edition Copyright c Granville Barnett‚ and Luca Del Tongo 2008. This book is made exclusively available from DotNetSlackers (http://dotnetslackers.com/) the place for .NET articles‚ and news from some of the leading minds in the software industry. Contents 1 Introduction 1.1 What this book is‚ and what
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Structure is dependent on strategy. If an organisation has vertical integration then they operate a functional structure‚ which gives efficiency through economies of scale. If an organisation uses a diversification structure then there is a business unit structure which gives customer responsiveness. However‚ many firms have a hybrid structure; this type of structure balances efficiency and customer responsiveness. A company also can choose to outsource through a contract with another company for
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Starbucks The company I would like to talk about is Starbucks. Restructuring: A company’s individual organizational structure is a formal composition of task and reporting relationships that allows the company to control‚ coordinate‚ and motivate employees so a common goal can be achieved (Bateman & Snell‚ 2009‚ p.505). Starbucks last structure is a matrix structure to maximize communication. It was implemented in 2008 to strengthen partnerships‚ and improve customer service. Starbucks
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Organization as structure vs organization as process Child J. (2005) has argued “Organization has structural‚ processual and boundary-defining facets.” (p.6) Organization as structure and organization as process are organizational choices‚ which are very distinct from each other. Organization as structure refers to ‘basic structure’ in which tasks and responsibilities are distributed among the work hierarchy. The organizational authority is at the same time centralized‚ delegated and standardized
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constantly challenged over the past years. This lead to the company cutting costs and laying off workers as in effort to turn their situation around. However‚ poor economic performance of the company may reside in various corners of the company’s structure. Electronic Arts operates in an industry‚ which heavily relies on teamwork and well-functioning teams are crucial for the company’s success. The company’s biggest challenge is managing large teams‚ which constantly increase as the game industry
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