My interest for law began when studying the topic of Crime and Deviance in GCSE Sociology. The subject allowed me to look at how society functions‚ the behaviour of different social groups and how the social policies put in place by the bodies of government help regulate the social order. Crime and Deviance taught me how laws are made and enforced and the various crimes which occur within the corporate world for example white collar crimes. This led to my interest being focused on criminal and corporate
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the functionalist view of crime and deviance. [21 marks] This essay will detail the functionalist perspective of crime and deviance. Functionalist theories began to emerge after the industrial revolution in the 18th century. This period was called the enlightenment‚ and brought about scientific belief as opposed to the feudalist beliefs of religion. Religion no longer had such a powerful impact on peoples’ lives. The aim of sociological theories such as functionalism is to cure social ills‚ such
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Functionalist approach to Crime and Deviance Durkheim Functionalism sees society as based on value consensus. Functionalists argue that in order to achieve this solidarity‚ society has two key mechanisms: socialisation and social control (mechanisms include rewards positive sanctions for conformity‚ and punishments negative sanctions for deviance) The inevitability of crime Durkheim believes that crime is normal‚ and argues there are at least two reasons why crime and deviance are found in all
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deviating from the norm is inevitable (Abotchie‚ 2008). Deviance and crime are and have always been a danger to the calmness and tranquility enjoyed by members of a community. Beside the gradual moral degeneration which can befall perpetrators when they are embittered with deviance and crime‚ there arise huge custody‚ health and economic cost to be borne by a nation full of the issue of crime (Simões‚ Matos & Batista-Foguet‚ 2008). For this reason‚ crime among children has now become one of the important
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Differences between deviance and crime is pretty significant. Deviance deals with the violation of the social norms for example adultery‚ teen pregnancy‚ and doing drugs. Crime is deviance that violates laws and is punished with formal penalties. In the sociological perspective there are two different types of deviance positive and negative. Negative deviance fails under conforms to accepted norms. Positive deviance over conforms to social expectations. There are also micro and macro levels to
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What is crime? Crime is associated with behaviour that breaks the formal‚ written laws of a given society What is deviance? To deviate means to move away from set standards in society. Deviance then‚ is a much more general category than crime and is used by sociologists to refer to is different but not legally controlled. All crime is deviance‚ but not all deviance is crime. TOPIC 1 – FUNCTIONALIST‚ STRAIN AND SUBCULTURAL THEORIES Functionalist’s perspective Functionalists see society
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One of the ways in which sociologists theorize deviance is through the control theory. This theory was first pioneered by Travis Hirschi in 1969. The control theory suggests that a person who does commit serious crimes is free of any emotional‚ social feelings and for those that do not commit crimes are able to control themselves to not commit crimes and behave in an acceptable manner in society without being a danger to others. Basically‚ this theory emphasizes that a person from birth is capable
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Assess the usefulness of consensus theories for an understanding of crime and deviance in society. Consensus theories are the theories that believe that every society share the same views‚ norms and values. The main consensus theories are Functionalism and Subcultural. Functionalism is the theory of how or why society functions and how it remains in a state of stability. It tries to explain the role that all people within society have‚ from children to criminals‚ in order to maintain stability
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Reaction” theory. This theory is widely credited to be the forerunner of the present day labelling theory. His theory basically states that a person experiences social deviance in two phases. The first phase is known as the Primary deviance phase. The second is known as the Secondary deviance phase. According to Lemert‚ the primary deviance phase begins with a criminal act. He or she is then labelled criminal but has yet to accept the label. The main point of view is whether he or she has accepted the
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THEORY BRIEFING SHEET: FUNCTIONALISM 1. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE INDIVIDUAL AND SOCIETY Functionalism has its origins in the work of Emile Durkheim‚ a 19th Century French Philosopher and Sociologist. Durkheim’s work originated as an attempt to resolve the Hobbesian Problem of Order (after the philosopher Thomas Hobbes) - which‚ in brief‚ questions why a society which is ultimately comprised of lots of self-interested individuals doesn’t collapse into all-out war. The solution proposed by Durkheim
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