* PV(CF) = CF/(1+r)t AKA PV = FV/(1+r)t * NPV = PV(CFs) – Investment = -C0 +C1/(1+r)+C2/(1+r)2+C3/(1+r)3+… = ∑(Expected CFt)/(1+r)t – Investment * Perpetuity – pays a fixed amount C per period forever * P(C‚r) = C/r requires cash flow to begin NEXT period. If begin now‚ then PV = C + C/r * Annuity – fixed stream of cash flows that has a final period t * A(C‚r‚t) = C/r [1-1/(1+r)t] * Growing Perpetuity – G(C‚r‚g) = C/(r-g) C is initial cash flow‚ r is discount rate
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Chapter 10 The Cost of Capital LEARNING OBJECTIVES After reading this chapter‚ students should be able to: • Explain what is meant by a firm’s weighted average cost of capital. • Define and calculate the component costs of debt and preferred stock. • Explain why retained earnings are not free and use three approaches to estimate the component cost of retained earnings. • Briefly explain why the cost of new equity is higher than the cost of retained earnings‚ calculate the
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1. Calculate TRUST’s company after-tax WACC. The risk-free rate was 4.21%‚ the market risk premium was 6% and the company tax rate was 30%. The WACC should be rounded to four decimal places. After-tax WACC = rD (1-Tc) D/V + rE E/V rE = rf + βequity(rm – rf) rE = 0.0421 + 0.81(0.06) rE = 0.0907 E = number of outstanding shares x current share price E = 60 million x $3.43 E = $205.8 million D = $44 million bank loans + $1.2 million short-term hire purchase commitments D = $45.2 million
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AP Psychology Study Guide Ch. 16 1. What is social psychology? 2. What is social cognition? 3. What is a self-fulfilling prophecy? How does it affect self-expectations? 4. What self-concept (self-schema)? How is it referred to self-esteem? 5. What are factors that people take into consideration when evaluating their self-esteem? 6. What is a reference group? 7. What is an attitude? What are its components? 8. What is cognitive dissonance? How did Leon Festinger demonstrate
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wages;suppliers‚ who want to be paid for goods or services; the government‚ which wants the firm to pay taxes; and creditors‚ who want to be paid interest and principal. Stakeholders may have interests that differ from those of the owners. When this is the case‚ they may exert pressure on management to make decisions that benefit them. We will return to these types of conflicts of interest later in the book. For now‚ though‚ we are primarily concerned with the overall flow of cash between the firm and its
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Ch. 16 A&P 1.Chemical substances secreted by cells into the extracellular fluids and that regulate the metabolic function of other cells in the body are called ________. Hormones 2.Direct gene activation involves a second-messenger system. False 3.All peptide hormone synthesis requires gene activation that produces mRNA. T 4.Which of the following is not a change that may be caused by hormonal stimulus? a change in membrane potential direct control
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Question 1 (1 mark) The methods that a firm can use to evaluate a potential investment: 1) ‘Discounting’ Methods: Net Present Value (NPV): the present value of the future after-tax cash flow minus the investment outlay made initially. The decision rule for the NPV as follows: invest if NPV> 0‚ do not invest if NPV< 0 Internal Rate of Return (IRR): calculates the interest rate that equates the present value of the future after-tax cash flows equal that investment outlay;
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MAF302 Corporate Finance Study Guide Important Instruction This study guide provides you of an overview for each of the topic taught in this unit. These overviews however are not sufficient to learn all the materials in each of the topic. I therefore would suggest you to follow the materials in lecture notes and workshops. It is also essential to read and consult the corresponding text book chapters to develop your concept and knowledge in this unit. You will also find some references
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Quiz chapter 2 1. __________ refers to the change in the firm’s current assets relative to its current liabilities over some time period. A) Operating cash flow B) Capital spending C) Cash flow to creditors D) Cash flow from assets E) Additions to net working capital 2. If total assets = $550‚ fixed assets = $375‚ current liabilities = $140‚ equity = $265‚ long term debt = $145‚ and current assets is the only remaining item on the balance sheet‚ what is the value of net working
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Case #16 Reed’s Case Study and Questions 1.) Liquidity Ratios | Reed | Industry | Current Ration | 2.0 | 2.7 | Quick Ratio | 0.94 | 1.6 | Receivables turnover | 4.93 | 47.4 | Avg. Collection Period | 74.08 | 47.4 | Efficiency Ratios | Reed | Industry | Total Asset Turnover | 1.28 | 1.9 | Inventory Turnover | 2.91 | 7 | Payable Turnover | 6.97 | 15.1 | Profitability Ratios | Reed | Industry | Gross Profit Margin | 29.8% | 33 | Net profit Margin | 4.2% | 7.8 | Return on
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