2.0 REVIEW OF LITERATURE 2.1 THEORETICAL BACKGROUND BRAND PERSONALITY A brand personality can be defined as the set of human characteristics associated with a given brand. Thus it includes such characteristics as gender‚ age‚ and socioeconomic class‚ as well as such classic personality traits as warmth‚ concern and sentimentality. Brand Personality like human personality‚ is both distinctive and enduring. For example‚ one analysis found Coke to be considered real and authentic whereas Pepsi was
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loyalty: implications for service providers. The Journal of Services Marketing‚ 11(3)‚ pp. 165-179. Jacoby‚ J. & Kryner‚ D. B. (1973) Brand loyalty vs. repeat purchasing behavior. Journal of Marketing Research‚ February‚ pp. 1-9. Oliver‚ R. L. (1999) Whence consumer loyalty. Journal of Marketing‚ 63(special issue)‚ pp. 33-44. Wernerfelt‚ B. (1991) Brand loyalty and market equilibrium. Marketing Science‚ 10(3)‚ pp. 229-245. Javalgi‚ R. G. & Moberg‚ C. R. (1997) Service loyalty: implications
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Brand Extensions are an important brand growth strategy The popularity of ‘Brand extensions’ rose since 1990s‚ with the increase in competition and the high costs of developing new brands (Chernatony & McDonald‚ 2002). This concept has been derived by marketers to optimize sales and profits by launching new or modified products under the parent brand name. In definition ‘Brand extension’ is using the leverage of a well-known brand name in one category to launch a new product in a different category
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REPORT ON “BRAND EXTENSION” IN PARTIAL FULLFILLMENT FOR “SEMINAR ON CONTEMPORARY MANAGEMENT ISSUES” (PAPER NO. 207) IN M.B.A. PROGRAMME OF contents 1. Introduction Of Brand Extension 1.1 What is the Means of brand Extension? 1.2 Types of Brand Extension 1.3 Benefit of Brand Extension 1.4 Risk of Brand Extension 1.5 Characteristics of successful Brand Extension
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Chapter 1 Related Theory Discussion 1.1 Brand: The American Marketing Association defines a brand as a "Name‚ term‚ design‚ symbol‚ or any other feature that identifies one seller ’s good or service as distinct from those of other sellers." A brand can take many forms‚ including a name‚ sign‚ symbol‚ color combination or slogan. For example‚ Coca Cola is the name of a brand make by a particular company. 1.2 Local brand: A local brand is a brand that is sold and marketed (distributed and
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the oldest and biggest cosmetic brands in the world has successfully transformed itself from a single skin care brand to a trustworthy and contemporary personal care brand for all family types. The brand stretched itself by sub-branding to many new segments‚ always nursing the core mother brand NIVEA and its “Gestalt”. [Company Background] Background As 2005 drew to a close‚ executives at Beiersdorf’s (BDF) Cosmed division [Brand DNA] NIVEA‚ the largest cosmetics brand in the world‚ had successfully
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self-confidence. People also purchase the Nike brand because they relate it with so many of the athletes who Nike endorses. People like LeBron James‚ Tiger Woods‚ Maria Sharapova‚ and Michael Jordan. These athletes wearing the Nike sign‚ was what really got the consumers to buy brand name items. But‚ most people don’t know where the brand Nike originated from. You might be surprised to know that one of the world’s dominant shoe‚ sports equipment and clothing brands was named after the Greek goddess of
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Brand origin - How does it impact brand awareness and brand image Writers Julia Baeza Caroline Ånmo Supervisor Veronika Tarnovskaya Examiner Timurs Umans Julia Baeza Caroline Ånmo Abstract international and global. When a brand is in an international market it creates an opportunity for perceived brand origin to influence the consumers. Brand origin
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"Education is Not a Luxury" by Stephen Joel Trachtenberg debates that the tradition agrarian calendar is no longer necessary to society being that civilization has changed from an agricultural society into a technology era. Trachtenberg suggest a lengthening of the school year to eight months out of a year and a school day starting at 9 and ending at 5. Society’s little Respect for the educational institutions‚ causes students to not take school seriously because they’re only there for a short
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Table of Contents 1.0 Introduction 2 2.0 Decision Making Process 2 3.0 Need Recognition & Problem Awareness 3 4.1 Motivation 3 4.2 Motivation and Involvement 3 - 4 4.3 Promotion 4 4.0 Information Search 4 5.4 Culture and Subculture 4 - 5 5.5 Memory 5 5.6 Product 6 - 7 5.7 Promotion 7 5.0 Evaluation of Alternatives
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