them have heteromorphic alternation of generation that means the two generations gametophytes and sporophytes are morphologically as well as cytologically different. in bryophytes gametophyte generation is more prominent in which male and female gametes fuse to each other to form zygote which develops into well protected embryo‚ while in tracheophytes‚ sporophytes generation is more dominant and gametophyte generation is very small and
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Diversity of Life Concept 1.2 Organizing the diversity of life Diversity the hallmark of life So far about 1.8 million specie have been identified and named by biologists To this date‚ diversity of life includes at least 6300 species of prokaryotes 100000 fungi 290000 plants 52000 vertebrates 1 million insects Researchers add about 1000 more species each year Total number of species range from 10 million to over 100 million Grouping Species: The Basic Idea Taxonomy branch of biology
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would die off. Just like animals‚ plants are characterized by sexual reproduction‚ with new organisms being formed from the union of sex cells. While it cannot be said that plants have separate sexes in the same way that animals do‚ they do form gametes just like animals. Two sperm cells are involved in the fertilization process with plants; one sperm cell combines with the egg cell and the other becomes the seed. In the process of fertilization with animals only one sperm fertilizes the female egg
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1. Why are spindle fibers important for mitosis? (5 points) Spindle fibers work as a path for chromosomes to travel(Campbell‚ 2009). 2. State the four bases that make up DNA. (4 points) a. (A)-Adenine b. (G)-Guanine c. (T)-Thymine d. (C)-Cytosine (Campbell‚ 2009). 3. What are the two base pairs? (2 points) a. AG b. CT 4. Answer the following questions: a. Define the term crossing over. (3 points) The phase in meiosis where chromosomes exchange segments of genetic materials (Campbell‚ 2009). b. Explain
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mitosis but some definite differences in meiosis that result in genetic diversity in the gametes as well as the offspring formed by the eventual fusion of the egg and sperm. Two of the most noted differences in meiosis are that 1) there are two complete divisions resulting in four daughter cells and‚ 2) meiosis has crossing over‚ an even that occurs in Prophase I that increases genetic variation in the gametes. Crossing over occurs between homologous chromosomes. These are the pairs of chromosomes
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Prokaryotic cells vs. Eukaryotic cells Two Fundamentally Different Classes of Cells charcteristic Prokaryotic Cells Eukaryotic Cells word origins pro=before karyon=kernel or nucleus eu=true karyon=kernel or nucleus Domains of Bacteria 1. archaea or archaebacteria‚ more ancient in soil and water also in hostile environments‚ many without oxygen high salt/brine methanogens halophiles thermoacidophiles hot acidic springs 2. bacteria or eubacteria‚ more
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“two alleles for each trait separate (segregate) during gamete formation‚ and then unite at random‚ one from each parent‚ at fertilization. This is deemed the law of segregation. To go along with this general rule of thumb‚ Mendel also considered the potential for shuffling of genes during di-hybrid crosses. When there are two individual genes in play‚ their inheritance pattern act completely independent from one another. Thus‚ “during gamete formation‚ different pairs of alleles segregate independently
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sister chromosomes are pulled toward opposite ends. A new nuclear envelope forms around the separated sister chromosomes. As mitosis completes‚ cytokinesis is well underway. Explain how these alleles are distributed by the process of meiosis to gametes. Meiosis I separates homologous chromosomes‚ producing two haploid cells. During Prophase I‚ synapse and crossing over occurs. During Metaphase I‚ Homologous pairs move together along the metaphase plate. In Anaphase I‚ Kinetochore microtubules
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Here is cbse 2007 question paper of science: CBSE X SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (Theory) 2007 (OUTSIDE DELHI) Time allowed: 2 hours 15 mins; Maximum Marks: 100 General Instructions: | 1) | The question paper comprises of two sections A and B. You are to attempt both sections. | 2) | You are advised to attempt all the questions of Section A and Section B separately. | 3) | All questions are compulsory. | 4) | There is no overall choice. However‚ internal choice has been provided in some questions
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GENETICS JARGON Alleles (allelomorphs) Alternative forms of a particular gene. There can be several alleles of a particular gene in the population‚ but only 2 alleles can be inherited by a single individual. For simplicity much literature aimed at the general reader uses "gene" where it means "allele". Allelic Series A series of alleles that are all mutant forms of the same gene and are at the same locus (same position on the chromsome). Alternate Heredity Mendelian inheritance involving
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