ANSWERS 391 ANSWERS Chapter 9 9.1 9.2 1.8 (a) From the given graph for a stress of 150 × 106 N m-2 the strain is 0.002 (b) Approximate yield strength of the material is 3 × 108 N m-2 9.3 (a) Material A (b) Strength of a material is determined by the amount of stress required to cause fracture: material A is stronger than material B. 9.4 9.5 9.6 9.7 9.8 9.9 9.10 9.11 9.12 9.13 9.14 9.15 9.16 (a) False (b) True 1.5 × 10-4 m (steel); 1.3 × 10-4 m (brass) Deflection
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Topic 1.2 AMOUNT OF SUBSTANCE The mole Reacting masses and atom economy Solutions and titrations The ideal gas equation Empirical and molecular formulae Ionic equations Mill Hill County High School THE MOLE Since atoms are so small‚ any sensible laboratory quantity of substance must contain a huge number of atoms: 1 litre of water contains 3.3 x 1025 molecules. 1 gram of magnesium contains 2.5 x 1022 atoms. 100 cm3 of oxygen contains 2.5 x
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S53718/7 © UCLES 2004 [Turn over 2 Data speed of light in free space‚ permeability of free space‚ permittivity of free space‚ elementary charge‚ the Planck constant‚ unified atomic mass constant‚ rest mass of electron‚ rest mass of proton‚ molar gas constant‚ the Avogadro constant‚ the Boltzmann constant‚ gravitational constant‚ acceleration of free fall‚ c = 3.00 × 10 8 m s –1 0 0 =4 × 10 –7 H m–1 = 8.85 × 10 –12 F m–1 e = 1.60 × 10 –19 C h = 6.63 × 10 –34 J s u = 1.66 × 10 –27 kg
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release of white gas could be observed due to the reaction. The gas release caused animated fizzing. Temperature of boiling tube increases significantly‚ thus we can consider the reaction as being an exothermic reaction. Temperature gradually decreases. The solution is clear and colourless ‚ with no traces of the Mg strip. Data Processing: PV = nRT P; Pressure - Pa V; Volume - m3 n; Number of moles - moles R; Gas Constant - JK-1mol-1 T; Temperature - K Gas Constant (R) is
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of the volume occupied by a gas is empty space. This accounts for the lower density of gases compared to liquids and solids‚ and the fact that gases are easily compressible.<br><br>b) The particles of a gas are in constant motion‚ moving rapidly in straight lines in all directions‚ and thus passes kinetic energy. The kinetic energy of particles overcomes
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for an ideal gas and carbon dioxide on the same axis. [2] 3. a. Use the ideal gas equation to calculate the number of moles of a gas which occupies a volume of 0.072dm3 at -480C and 3.4atm. R = 8.31JK-1mol-1 [5] b. If the mass of the gas above is 0.94g‚ calculate its relative molecular mass. [1] Kinetic Theory - Worksheet 4. A gas sample in the laboratory has a volume of 45.9 dm3 at 25.0oC and a pressure of 743Pa. If the temperature is increased to 155oC by compressing the gas to a new volume
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ANALYSIS OF MOUTHWASH Background Information: Commercial mouthwashes are mixtures of water‚ alcohol‚ dyes‚ flavorings‚ and other compounds. In this experiment‚ you will use gas chromatography to determine the alcohol content of the mouthwash. Since the volumes of alcohol and water are not additive when mixed‚ a calibration curve must be used. It will provide the correction factor needed for alcohol-water mixtures. The calibration curve will be prepared by placing a known amount of alcohol
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theory is that gas particles are always in motion‚ like the other states of matter. But they are different in that they undergo random translational movement. In solids‚ the particles mainly experience vibrational motion and in liquids they mainly vibrate and rotate‚ with some translational motion. Gas particles move rapidly in straight lines‚ unless acted upon by another particle or the walls of a container. This continuous contact with the container leads to our understanding of gas pressure‚ the
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Three things are usually required for a chemical explosion: a chemical reaction that occurs very rapidly‚ a large increase in gas pressure‚ and a confined-reaction vessel in which the pressure of the gaseous products can increase to a point that the gases break violently out of the container. In this chemistry and physics science fair project‚ you will use the combustion of ethanol to provide energy for a small explosion. The chemical equation that describes the combustion of ethanol is shown below
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related force 2 Low Density Gas • A At very l low d densities‚ the ii h average distances between molecules are very l l l large and d intermolecular potential energy can b neglected. be l d • In such cases‚ particles are independent of each other - this is referred to as an Ideal Gas. Ideal Gas Equation of State • The simplest and best known equation of state for substances in the gas phase is the Ideal gas Equation of State. Pv R T The universal gas constant R RM 8.3145 kJ
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