| | |Acid-Base Indicators: Spectroscopic Method of Determination of Ka | |Sahib Kaur | |
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Introduction 1.1 Background Information Acids are separated into different categories. These categories are strong acids and weak acids. Hydrochloric and Sulphuric acid are strong acids‚ and Phosphoric acid is a weak acid. When an acid is placed into water‚ it ionises (Tinnesand‚ n.d.). Ionisation occurs when the acid splits up into its two base components. So when Hydrochloric acid is placed into water‚ it splits into a hydrogen ion and a chlorine ion. The amount that an acid ionises depends on its strength
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To detect an acid‚ the scientists use indicators. Litmus is one indicator. An acid turns blue‚ litmus red. Acids are a group of chemicals with very similar properties. An acid is a sour-tasting substance. Lemons taste sour because they contain citric acid. The sour milk contains lactic acid while the sour taste of vinegar is due to acetic acid. Acetic acid‚ which is an ingredient of vinegar‚ releases only a limited number of ions and is not a strong acid. All these are weak acids. This is the reason
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of values that were obtained throughout the whole experiment (Table 10). 5.2. Proximate composition and amino acid analyses
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Essential Fatty Acids (EFAs) are fats that are required by the human body‚ but cannot be made by the body; therefore they must be obtained from external forces such as food. EFAs are the building blocks of all fats and oils and are required for both metabolic processes and for fuel. EFAs form the main component in the fats carried in our blood stream (triglycerides)‚ fats stored in our bodies and of cell membranes (phospholipids). (Erasmus‚ 1993)‚ (Wikipedia‚ Essential Fatty Acids‚ 2012) Two fundamental
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Factors affecting the rate of reaction between a metal and an acid The rate of a reaction can be measured by the rate at which a reactant is used up‚ or the rate at which a product is formed. The temperature‚ concentration‚ pressure of reacting gases‚ surface area of reacting solids‚ and the use of catalysts‚ are all factors which affect the rate of a reaction. Individual properties of substances also affect reaction rates. The scope of these properties is broad and there are few generalizations
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Introduction to Acids Base chemistry Purpose How to determine the constant equilibrium of an acid‚ Ka? How to evaluate the concentration (M) of an acid? In “part A” experiment‚ we would test the PH of different concentration of acetic acid (a weak acid which partially dissociated in water) with a PH probe. After we got the PH‚ we could find out the concentration of H+ by applying the relationship pH = -log [H+]. Having the determined value of [H+] of a weak acid with a known molar concentration
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which four amino acids‚ histidine‚ lysine‚ glutamine‚ and glutamic acid‚ are identified based on their titration behavior. Solutions of each unknown amino acid are made and the change in pH upon adding small amounts of NaOH aliquots of a strong base are monitored. The amino acids are identified using the information represented by the titration curves. The titration curves include the following information: isoelectric points‚ pKas‚ buffering regions and the structures of the amino acids. The results
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of Acetylsalicylic Acid Abstract Acetylsalicylic acid was prepared using salicylic acid and acetic anhydride. As a result‚ a white‚ powdery substance was formed (0.1931g‚ percent yield 91.30%) and was defined by melting point (124.5 – 134.5°C) and observation of color change with ferric chloride. Introduction Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) is one of the most popular analgesic drugs on the market today. It also acts as an antipyretic and anti-inflammatory drug. Salicylic acid itself was too acidic
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The causes of acid rain are because of the emissions of sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides in the atmosphere. This is a result of pollution; sulphur dioxide primarily the result of industrialisation and coal fired power stations‚ and nitrogen oxides produced mainly due to car exhaust fumes. These either form wet or dry deposition‚ and the effects we can see today. It could be argued that once that the human race has used up all of the planets coal reserves‚ the problem of acid rain would disappear
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