form of pepsinogen which is released into the stomach. Hydrochloric acid is also released into the stomach from parietal cells and makes the pH acidic‚ of a pH 1-3. This then activates chief cells to release pepsinogen‚ which functions in an autocatalyctic fashion. The hydrochloric acid mixed with pepsinogen generates pepsin‚ which can digest 20% of ingested carbon bonds. The primary structure of pepsin has an additional 44 amino acids which is useful in breaking proteins into smaller pieces called polypeptides
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Energies 2008‚ 1‚ 79-92; DOI: 10.3390/en1020079 energies ISSN 1424-8220 www.mdpi.org/energies Article Esterification of Oleic Acid for Biodiesel Production Catalyzed by SnCl2: A Kinetic Investigation Abiney L. Cardoso‚ Soraia Cristina Gonzaga Neves and Marcio J. da Silva * Departament of Chemistry‚ Federal University of Viçosa‚ Viçosa‚ Minas Gerais‚ Brazil‚ 36570-000. * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail:silvamj2003@ufv.br Received: 5 August 2008; in revised form:
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To investigate how does the concentration of Hydrochloric acid affect the rate of reaction? Outline I aim to discover how different concentrations of Hydrochloric acid influence the rates of reaction. In order to carry out this investigation I have decided to use marble chips‚ which I will vary the sizes as powder‚ small chips and large chips. I will also be changing the concentration‚ the different concentrations are as follows 0.2m‚ 0.5m‚ 1m‚ 1.5‚ 2m. I have chosen these concentrations as they
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in acid-base titrations Objectives 1. To understand the importance of choosing suitable indicators for detecting the end points of acid-base titrations. 2. To obtain titration curves for some acid-base titrations. Introduction Indicator is usually a weak organic acid or base that has distinctly different colours in its protonated and deprotonated forms. There are 4 types of acid-base titrations such as strong acid-weak base titration‚ weak acid-strong base titration‚ strong acid-strong
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was to compare how side chains alter the ionizability of our three amino acids: alanine‚ aspartic acid‚ and cysteine. More specifically‚ we wanted to observe how a thiol group and a carboxyl group affected the ionizability of the rest of the amino acid. Because alanine contains a single methyl group on its side chain‚ we can easily compare the functional groups of aspartic acid and cysteine to it because both aspartic acid and cysteine start their side chains with a methylene group and then go on
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Experiment 11 Title: Spectrophotometric analysis of caffeine and benzoic acid in soft drink. Name: Tan Herh Lim Name of partner: Sia Ting Wai‚ Chong Zheng Yee Date: Lecturer: Dr. Neo Kian Eang Practical class: P1 Objective: To obtain the absorbance of the caffeine and benzoic acid in soft drinks. Introduction Soft drinks that commonly found in our daily life contain caffeine and sodium benzoate. The caffeine act as a stimulant and the sodium benzoate acts as a preservative
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A 56-year-old woman with a history of gastric adenocarcinoma comes to the emergency department with a history of abdominal and pelvic pain‚ along with bloating for the past 3 weeks. Five months ago she received a cycle of epirubicin‚ cisplatin‚ and 5-fluorouracil. This was her fourth cycle of chemotherapy‚ and her oncologist advised her that her follow-up CT scan showed no reduction in the size of her tumor after treatment. She feels tired and bloated currently. Her temperature is 37.5°C (99.5ºF)
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of Bromine to trans-Cinnamic Acid Introduction/Abstract: The purpose of this experiment was to carry out the bromination of trans-cinnamic acid‚ to determine the stereochemistry of the dibromide product of 2‚3-dibromo-3-phenylpropanoic acid‚ and find out whether the reaction proceeds by the usual bromonium ion mechanism or some other mechanism. In this experiment trans-cinnamic acid was mixed with glacial acetic acid and stirred in which then bromine/acetic acid solution was added to the mixture
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CHM456 ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 1 LABORATORY Contact hours: 3 hours/week Laboratory textbook: Pavia‚ Lampman‚ Kriz and Engel‚ Introduction to Organic Laboratoy Techniques 3rd Edition (2011) ** Students MUST obtain a copy of the textbook Synopsis This is an organic chemistry practical course which reinforce the theory and concepts studied in Organic Chemistry 1 (CHM456). It covers the learning of simple laboratory techniques such as reflux‚ distillation‚ extraction‚ crystallization and melting point
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Acid Rain Lab Acid rain is causing problems throughout the world. Acid rain is precipitation that has been combined with gases in the atmosphere‚ causing it to be slightly more acidic than normal rain. Acid rain has a PH level of about 5.0 compared to that of pure water’s 7.0. Acid rain is caused uniquely by human from such harmful wastes as the burning of fossil fuels. This type of rain is carried throughout the atmosphere‚ for hundreds of miles‚ harming countryside. The real question is whether
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