Cultural Dimensions In Management And Planning Geert Hofstede* ABSTRACT The nature of management skills is such that they are culturally specific: a management technique or philosophy that is appropriate in one national culture is not necessarily appropriate in another. The paper describes the scope of (workrelated) cultural differences as they were revealed by research in more than 50 countries around the world and discusses how these differences affect the validity of management techniques and
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the African continent in three stages. The first stage which is early Christianity‚ makes Christianity in Africa qualify to be as old as Christianity itself. The second stage involves the Portuguese patronized Christianity in Africa. The third stage of the Christian extension in Africa is marked by circumstances of contemporary modern times. Though the concept of Christianity in Africa is as old as Christianity itself‚ there are very few figures in its long history that are more influential
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function. In the poem “Africa”‚ the speaker personifies the country as a woman who has gone through tribulations of getting her country stripped by white men enslaving her sons and daughters. Through it all she regains her strength. What she went through helped her to become a stronger woman‚ and stronger country. The speakers uses vivid imagery‚ metaphors‚ personification and gives human emotions to the continent. The entire poem is a extended metaphor to describe Africa as this beautiful woman
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South Africa‚ alone of all the British colonies did not follow the political course of embracing democracy and freedom. Even though the geographic area called South Africa had a large British presence‚ the country was required to follow legislation given in the agreement of the surrender in 1806 from the Dutch. Those terms meant that the country was allowed to diverge from English law and replace it with South African law. The country at that time was not plagued with inequality‚ layers of a class
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and harvest the crops‚ creating another chain reaction but with a positive spiral. This is an example of how food distribution plays a major role on famine and also how stable governments affect the food distribution in Africa. Most studies on the famine epidemic throughout Africa state that HIV/AIDS plays a major role in famine; this can be attributed to lack of health care in the continent which can be established if governments were established. Stable governments may also play a role in fighting
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solution to fight poverty in Africa There are many factor to consider in determining the best solution to fight poverty in Africa. Most Africa countries are regarded as third world countries. These are countries characterized by low per capita income‚ low industrialized economy‚ low technology development and so on. Despite the indisputable abundance of diverse mineral resource‚ favorable climate condition and rich soil for cultivation of various agricultural produce. Africa is still suffering from
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beneficial to the people of Africa? In what ways was it beneficial and in which ways was it harmful? During the 19th century of the Industrial Age‚ many European nations (Belgium‚ France‚ Germany‚ Italy‚ Portugal‚ Spain‚ and Britain) sought for a source for raw material and a market for manufactured goods in Africa. This economic motivation helped drive the Scramble for Africa. The Scramble for Africa [1885-1910] was when many European nations competed for colonies in Africa. To take control of these
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Lives in Africa What do you think of when Africa is mentioned? Do you picture endless plains‚ deserts‚ lions and exciting expeditions? Or does your mind wander to its people and tribes‚ or the history found here? Whatever the opinion may be‚ one cannot deny Africa has a certain flair to it that cannot be found anywhere else in the world. In Karen Blixen’s novel Out of Africa and Caroline Link’s film adaptation of Nowhere in Africa‚ the two women immerse one in Africa’s rich‚ colorful culture. While
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Referencing: how to be polite to your sources You will remember that when you were doing research for your essay by means of interviews‚ reading library books and searching on the Internet‚ you were always told to keep records of your sources. Now you have come to the point where you are going to include the facts and ideas that you have obtained from places other than your own mind in your essay. This is called referencing and it entails the avoidance of what can be termed “ripping off”. It is
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North Africa is a very interesting place. It has many beautiful landforms‚ such as the Sahara Desert‚ The Nile River‚ and a lot more. There are also amazing cities in North Africa‚ which include Cairo‚ Tripoli‚ Casablanca‚ and many others. Also‚ there are a lot of major conflicts going on right now. The history of North Africa is very fascinating. North Africa’s area in general could affect us‚ (The citizens of the US) in good and bad ways. North Africa is known for its beautiful landforms and
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