2.4.4. Direct determination of saliva proteins Protein contaminated with nucleic acids absorbed the light at wavelength 280 nm and it absorbs much strongly at wavelength 205 nm when it is free from nucleic acids. The UV-visible spectrophotometer was used in determination of saliva proteins (Figure 2.2). Cold trichloroacetic acid (10 % w/v ) was added to the sample‚ centrifuged for 10 minutes to precipitate protein. The absorbance of a known volume
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A Most Mysterious Material: The Aerogel In his book‚ “Stuff Matters”‚ Miodownik discusses‚ through personal narratives‚ the many facets of material science and their applications in real world instances. Out of all of the different types of materials he encounters‚ perhaps the most exotic were aerogels. In this chapter‚ “Marvelous‚” Miodownik begins in a top secret U.S. government laboratory where he first sets his eyes on this mysterious material. At first‚ Miodownik is denied a chance to observe
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Problem How can you tell pigment separation by using Chromatography? Objective To prepare a chromatogram‚ separate pigments in a leaf and interpret the chromatogram. Hypothesis If I am to put a chromatography paper into a solvent‚ then it would separate the pigments depending on their Rf value. I think the pigments will separate in this order: Chlorophyll A‚ Chlorophyll B‚ Carotene‚ and Xanthophyll. Introduction Chlorophyll is the molecule that absorbs sunlight and uses its energy
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The results of the experiment supported that invertase is most active at a pH level of 5‚ which supports the hypothesis that lower acidic pH values similar to the ones found in the stomach‚ will have the largest increase in invertase activity. A semilinear decrease in rate was found as the pH level was lowered below 5‚ and a substantial decrease found in any environments with a pH higher than 5. The stomach average pH level‚ being between 1.5-3.5‚ directly correlates to the most efficient pH levels
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4 Cardiovascular disorders CASE STUDY 19 Annie’s heartache Learning outcomes On completion of this case study‚ you will be able to: • describe the physiological characteristics of the coronary circulation; • outline the autonomic control of the heart and the mechanisms which control coronary blood flow; • review the causes of and possible treatments for angina; • describe the mechanisms of action of the following anti-anginal drugs: nitrates‚ beta-adrenoceptor antagonists and calcium
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How does the process of gel electrophoresis separate DNA fragments? It uses an electric current to separate different-sized molecules in a porous‚ sponge-like matrix. 2. What is the purpose of the agarose gel? It is used to separate DNA molecules that range in different lengths. 3. What is the purpose of adding blue “tracking” dye to the DNA samples? The blue tracking dye is added to help load the samples easily and helps able to see the DNA moving through the gel. 4. Explain why DNA has an
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and gel. We will be adding different substances such as table salt‚ citric acid‚ and sugar. The scientist’s problem statement is “What kind of substances make gel the strongest?” The independent variable will be the different additives (Table salt‚ citric acid‚ and sugar) which will be added using tablespoons. The dependent variable is the strength of the gel which will be measured using a scale of 10. The constant variable is the type of gel used and the amount of substance added to the gel which
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DIGE-based PTMs Analysis of protein post-translational modifications using DIGE-based proteomics Robert M. DeKroon‚ Jennifer B. Robinette‚ Cristina Osorio‚ Sun Yong Jeong‚ Eric Hamlett‚ Mihaela Mocanu and Oscar Alzate Summary Difference gel electrophoresis (DIGE) is most often used to assess relative changes in the expression levels of individual proteins in multiple complex samples‚ and this information is valuable in making inferences about relative protein activity. However‚ a protein‟s
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Shaving Gel (Case Study) I. Time Context: January 5‚ 2001 II. View Point: Phoebe Masters‚ the newly appointed Product Manager for hand and body lotions at Ms. Tique Corporation. III. Central Problem: The introduction of 5 ½ ounce or 10 ounce aerosol container and approval of its additional funds for the market test. Causes: * Unit sales volume for Soft and Silky Shaving Gel had slowed and then plateaued in recent years. * The growth of Soft and Silky Shaving Gel sales
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Tracing the footprints of Proteomics – To compare and study the techniques used in proteomics since the last decade. Abstract: Proteomics is a study of the proteome of an organism. The last few decades have seen a rapid progress in the development of this field. This paper attempts to compare and contrast the way in which proteomics studies are performed today as opposed to those performed ten years ago and analyse its future implications. The thrust of research while studying biology at a
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