the structure‚ packing‚ density‚ and arrangement of their genes on the chromosome. Prokaryotes have incredibly compact genomes compared to eukaryotes‚ mostly because prokaryote genes lack introns and large non-coding regions between each gene. Whereas nearly 95% of the human genome does not code for proteins or RNA or includes a gene promoter‚ nearly all of the prokaryote genome codes or controls something. n a prokaryote cell‚ all genes in an operon(three in the case of the famous lac operon) are
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engineering is the use of tools of modern biotechnology and molecular biology to specifically introduce or alter characteristics or traits in organisms. Genetic engineering can be applied to any organism. An example of genetic engineering is inserting a gene to a plant that makes it more resistant to pesticides. Many people have debated whether or not the use of genetic enginering poses a risk or not to society. I am against the use of genetic engineering because it negatively impacts humans who eat genetically
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as further advancements in treating the illness‚ the revolutionary discovery of the cystic fibrosis trans-membrane conductance regulator gene was made‚ by the scientist who would later go on to completing the Human Genome Project‚ In 1989. A mutation of this gene directly causes Cystic Fibrosis. Not too long after the discovery of the Cystic Fibrosis gene‚ gene replacement therapies began as a new treatment method during the 1990’s. Finally during the 1990’s the first drug made to treat Cystic Fibrosis
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Huntington ’s disease John Doe HCS/245 10/20/2013 Prof Jane Huntington ’s disease In 1993 researchers discovered the gene that causes Huntington’s disease. (Huntington ’s disease Society of America‚ 8/27) Huntington’s disease is a disease which progressively degenerates cells in the brain slowly over time. Since the nerve cells in the brain are slowly dying it causes uncontrollable movements‚ emotion changes and other forms of determination of psychological aspects. (The Diagnosis and
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series of the nucleotide makes up the genes. The sequence of the nucleotides determines each of our 20‚000 different genes. Every 3 nucleotides codes are for a specific amino acid. The amino acid sequence determines what protein will be made. The proteins acting as enzymes will determine our physical traits like eye color‚ number of bones‚ blood type....etc. B. The most important findings of the Human Genome Project are so many nucleotide bases and the genes contained in the human chromosomes.
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the mutated gene you will have a 25% chance of getting the two copies of this gene with that said you will most likely
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another in the protein made by a gene. 2. Nonsense mutation is a change in one DNA base pair. The altered DNA sequence prematurely signals the cell to stop building a protein. 3. Insertion changes the number of DNA bases in a gene by adding a piece of DNA. 4. Deletion changes the number of DNA bases by removing a piece of DNA. Small deletions may remove one or a few base pairs within a gene‚ while larger deletions can remove an entire gene or several neighboring genes. 5. Duplication consists of a
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retrovirus is a virus that has its genes encoded in RNA instead of them being encoded in DNA (it is also known as the RNA virus). Because of this‚ a retrovirus has to have its genes reverse transcribed into DNA before replication. This is carried out by an enzyme called reverse transcriptase. The retro virus upon infecting the host with its DNA can use the host cell’s machinery to replicate. The host cell cannot tell the retrovirus’s DNA from its own and so copies its genes as part of the cells own replication
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Discuss biological approaches to addiction (9+16 Marks) The genetics of addiction: * People who have an addictive personality are likely to be predisposed to it because of their genes. * Family and twin studies have demonstrated that genes contribute towards the development of alcohol dependence‚ with heritability estimates of between 50 and 60 % for both males and females. McGue‚ 1999 * Fowler et al‚ 2007 – found that in a study of 1‚214 twins genetic influences played a role in the
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and why they’re so good at what they do. The main gene they found in most of the athletes was called ACTN3 which is a gene that manufactures fast-twitch fibers. In fact this study was the largest-ever study of genetics. According to Huntington Willard‚ Duke University renowned Institute for Genome Sciences & Policy‚ stated that pros may not be genetically different from the Joes‚ but he could see how they are different from one another. Another gene that Willard and his students found was called COL1A1
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