GUIDE ACCOUNTING BASICS CONCEPTS‚ PRINCIPLES & BASIS A. Entity Concept • An organization stands apart from other organizations as a separate economic unit B. Going Concern Concept • Entity will continue to operate long enough to recover cost of its assets C. Time Period Concept • Report information at regular intervals D. Reliability Principle • Accounting records must be based on the most reliable (verifiable by an independent observer) data available E. Cost Principle • Assets/services
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AB1102: Accounting 2 Notes Objective of Financial Statements – objective of general purpose financial reporting is to provide financial information about the reporting entity that is useful to existing and potential investors‚ lenders and other creditors in making decisions about providing resources to the entity. 2 roles of financial reporting: Contracting (backward looking) and Valuation (forward looking) Qualitative Characteristics (QC) of Useful Financial Information - Relevance o Predictive
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Accounting decisions Case: Accounting at MacCloud winery Methodological note We want to distinguish between Economic “facts/data” – No need to discuss them – Taken for granted Accounting “issues” – The topic of our discussion – We will follow the order of the case questions Accounting at McCloud Winery The MacCloud winery 5 acres of land One building Accounting at McCloud Winery 1: The building Worth $32‚000 Leased for 10 years for $5‚000 per year How
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1. What is the FASB Accounting Standards Codification? The FASB Accounting Standards Codification® is the source of authoritative generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) recognized by the FASB to be applied to nongovernmental entities. 2. When did the codification become effective? The Codification is effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15‚ 2009. 3. The FASB had three primary goals in developing the Codification. Identify them. a.
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Pantaloons Retail India Limited The Accounting Standards as per their 2011-12 Annual Report are- 1. AS 1: Disclosure of Accounting Policies- * It deals with disclosure of Accounting Principles and policies used for preparation of financial statements of the companies. 2. AS 2: Valuation of Inventories- * It deals with determination of amount of inventory to be shown in financial statements. It is not applicable to shares‚ debentures‚ stock etc. The cost formulae prescribed
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Account/Ave. AR–or - Sales Revenue/Ave. AR How quickly a firm collects cash from AR. Converted into “Days Outstanding for AR” 365/AR Turnover Ratio Common Changes in Ratio Inventory Turnover: CSG/Ave. Inventory How fast a firm sells inventory. Generally‚ you want a high inventory turnover. Fixed Asset Turnover: Sales/Ave. Fixed Assets The amount of sales generated from fixed assets ROCE: (Net Income – PS Dividends)/Ave. Common OE A firms ability to use & finance assets to generate earnings
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000. c. $34‚000. d. $178‚000. In the U.S.‚ generally accepted accounting principles are established: a. directly by the 1933 Securities Act. b. by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board. c. by the Financial Accounting Standards Board. d. by the Association of Certified Public Accountants. On March 1‚ 2006‚ the premium on a two-year insurance policy on equipment was paid amounting to $1‚800. At the end of 2006 (end of the accounting period)‚ the financial statements for 2006‚ would
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Chapter 02 Student Revision Quiz 1. According to Australian Accounting Standards (AAS)‚ assets are carried on the financial statements at the higher of current market value or historical cost. | True | | False | The Australian Accounting Standards state the assets are to be ’carried on the books ’ (recorded) at what the firm paid for them. 2. Suppose KLM Inc. just received a patent on a new anti-cholesterol drug. This patent is an intangible fixed asset. | True | | False |
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lets review the job and process costing sytems: Job order cost system: • Jobs are assigned to each job or batch • A job may be for a specific order of inventory Process cost system : • This cost system is generally used when a large volume of similar products are manufactured Answers: a. A custom yacht builder – job order costing b. A golf course designer – job order costing c. A potato chip manufacturer – process costing d. A business
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NATURE AND SCOPE OF ACCOUNTING TERMINOLOGIES As an introduction to the course in accounting‚ it may be useful to define the following terms : - Accounts : These are the financial records in the organization. Every business transaction‚ or accounting entity‚ may be represented in an account by itself‚ e.g. wages‚ telephone expense‚ motor vehicle‚ Cash at bank‚ Investment - Book-keeping : This is the recording of the financial transactions of a business
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