A research hypothesis is a prediction of the outcome of a study. The prediction may be based on an educated guess or a formal theory. Example 1 is a hypothesis for a nonexperimental study. Example 1 It is hypothesized that first grade girls will show better reading comprehension than first grade boys. In Example 1‚ the author is predicting that he or she will find higher comprehension among girls than boys. To test it‚ a nonexperimental study would be appropriate because nothing in the hypothesis
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HYPOTHESIS TESTING WHAT IS THIS HYPOTHESIS???? • In simple words it means a mere assumption or supposition to be proved of disproved. • But‚ for a researcher it is a formal question that he intends to resolve. • Example: I assume that 1) under stress and anxiety a person goes into depression. 2) It leads to aggressive behaviour. Eg. : Students who get better counselling in a university will show a greater increase in creativity than students who were not counselled. • So‚ the hypothesis
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MM Hypothesis – A Critique The assumptions of MM hypothesis are unrealistic and untenable in practice. As a result‚ the conclusions that dividend payment and other methods of financing exactly offset each other and hence‚ the irrelevance of dividends‚ is not a practical proposition; it is of merely theoretical relevance. The validity of MM approach is open to question on two counts: 1. Imperfection of Capital market 2. Resolution of uncertainty Market Imperfection MM assume that capital markets
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Hypothesis testing I Kevin Soo Outline • • • • Theory and the research process What is a hypothesis? Hypothesis testing Statistical models Theory and the research process Theory • A belief – Can be true or false – P (belief) • A proposed/possible explanation for something – ‘Some students do poorly at statistics because they have less exposure to mathematics’ – ‘Women don’t date me because I’m ugly’ – ‘Manchester United lost the Premier League because they struggled with injury
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Hypothesis Testing I Pat Obi What is a “Hypothesis?” A statement or claim about the value of a population parameter: μ‚ σ2‚ p Pat Obi‚ Purdue University Calumet 2 Decision Rule 1. x 0 Z s n Compare calculated Z value to Z value from Table (critical Z value) Reject H0 if calculated Z value lies in the rejection/significance region (i.e. region) ALTERNATIVELY: 2. Compare p-value to Reject H0 if p-value < Pat Obi‚ Purdue University Calumet 3 Two-Tail Test Ex: H0: 0
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Introduction: From the last several decades the efficiency of stock market has been the sole purpose of research studies. As a result‚ several theories have been introduced and implemented in relation to principally how the competition in the stock market will force the known information into the prices of securities. The knowledge of information on a variety of securities that are traded in the market is one of the major factors in influencing the movements of stock market. In the stock market
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Critical Issue Analysis: Issue 15 Does Exposure to Media Violence Promote Aggressive Behavior? Kevin Thomas PSYCH/515 1.What are at least two facts presented by each side of the critical issue? Yes: Glenn Ellis and Francis Sekyra (1972) and O. Ivar Lovaas (1961) found that children exposed to media violence behaved aggressively shortly after seeing violence. Yes: (Husemann‚ Moise-Titus‚ Podolski‚ and Eron 2003) found that watching violence‚ identification with same-sex aggressive characters
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the Research Process Janet Sullivan Wilson‚ PhD‚ RN What are the Steps in the Quantitative Research Process? Problem statement(s) + background Purpose of the research Aims/objectives of the research Research question(s) Research hypothesis or hypotheses Review of the literature (ROL) Conceptual‚ theoretical framework Steps in the Research Process (cont.) Design & Methodology‚ Sampling Collection of Data: Methods‚ measurements‚ assessment Analysis & Interpretation of Data Research dissemination
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Saurabh Sunny Baghmar MNGT: 6361 Problem Statement: To determine if saving from the total monthly income is gender biased. Hypothesis: H0: Single Women save equal to single men from their total monthly income. (Null Hypothesis) H0 = µwomen - µmen = 0 Introduction: The thought behind this problem statement comes from the report which says that there is a huge difference between the number
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Release date: 27 April 2014 Submission date: 9 May 2014 TUTORIAL ON HYPOTHESIS TESTING (1) Basic Concept 1. State the null and alternative hypothesis for each conjecture : a. A researcher thinks that if expectant mothers use vitamin pills‚ the birth weight of the babies will increase. The average birth weight of the population is 3.0kg. b. An engineer hypothesizes that the mean number of defects can be decreased in a manufacturing process of compact disks by using robots instead of humans
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