MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION ECON 1102 REGULATORY INSTITUTIONS OF THE WORD ECONOMY Trade-Related Intellectual Property Rights (Trips) Have Been Adopted With A View To Encourage Fair Competition At The International Level‚ But Trips Rules Tilt The Balance In Favour Of Imperfect Competition With Each Country And Exacerbates International Inequalities. (Discussion With Reference To Pharmaceutical Industry) Name of Lecturer : Rajendran K S Name of Student : Nilesh Singh
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from http://www.pharmamanufacturing.com/industrynews/2012/036.html Gassman‚ O.‚ Reepmeyer‚ G.‚ & Von Zedtwitz‚ M Herper‚ M. (2012‚ February 10). The truly staggering cost of inventing new drugs. Retrieved from http://www.forbes.com/sites/matthewherper/2012/02/10/the-truly-staggering-cost-of-inventing-new-drugs/ Highbeam Business‚ 2013 Hoovers. (2013). Pharmaceuticals Manufacturing. Retrieved February 28‚ 2013 from http://ezproxy.una.edu:2204/H/industry360/description.html?industryId=1486 Hoovers
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Khushal Malik – 28 Sharad Singh – 49 PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY – Global Trend • • • • Mainly concentrated in the United States‚ Europe‚ and Japan Developing a drug from discovery to launch took 10 to 12 years. Cost of development of drug is between $500-$800 million. Drugs were strictly controlled by government agencies: o Food and Drug Administration (FDA) – USA‚ o CPMP – Europe o MHW – Japan o DPCO & Indian Patent Act - India • Size of industry : USD 960 billion in 2012. • Few Firms
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before hand that the FTC opposes agreements that restricted the introduction of generic drugs which could be anti-competitive. Bristol- Myers was hoping that it could have pursued a settlement with Apotex subjected to FTC approval and delay the launch of Apotex generic drug until its patent expire. Bristol-Myers Squibb and Sanofi-Aventis should have attempted to pay Apotex to prevent it from launching the generic drug. It seems that BMS only entered the agreement because they felt that Apotex could
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companies‚ giving them less of an incentive to innovate. As a result‚ society loses. The paper will challenge this argument by considering the social benefit of allowing patents to expire and giving them less protection‚ through cheaper pricing of generic drugs‚ resulting in a greater number of innovations to society and investment in R&D. I will also discuss the importance of public funding of projects in the R&D phase‚ particularly among small inventors‚ along with the benefit of research done by universities
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products are off-patent drugs that are manufactured and distributed without licensing from the original manufacturer because the patents on such drugs have expired. In December 2005‚ Ranbaxy’s shares were hit hard by a patent ruling disallowing production of its own version of Pfizer’s cholesterol-cutting drug Lipitor‚ which has annual sales of more than $10 billion.[3] In June 2008‚ Ranbaxy settled the patent dispute with Pfizer allowing them to sell Atorvastatin Calcium‚ the generic version of Lipitor(R)and
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Ranbaxy Laboratories Limited‚ India’s leading pharmaceutical company‚ announced that it would become a subsidiary of the Japanese drug-manufacturing firm Daiichi Sankyo Co. Ltd. Ranbaxy‚ established in the 1960s by the entrepreneur Bhai Mohan Singh‚ had expanded aggressively over the years and became a global firm with manufacturing operations in 11 countries and it sells drugs in 125 countries. One of the earliest
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Hamied which was registered as public limited company with a capital of Rs. 6 Lakhs. Every year this industry produces drugs worth Rs. 18000 Crores with a profit of 9%. There are 20000 production units in the home countryand the products are exported all over the world at a cheaper price than other international companies. It soon became the top bestselling producers of generic products within the country.Cipla has a flat organisation structure. The firm consists of a large number of educated manpower
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VISION To be preferred provider of quality and affordable healthcare solutions in the region. MISSION To provide our partners truly affordable and quality healthcare solutions • PATIENT To make our products and services available to majority of households. • DOCTORS AND ALLIED PROFESSIONALS To enrich the profession of our partners in the medical community by helping them achieve patient compliance. • TRADE To build lasting‚ productive and value adding partnership by contributing to their
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marketing drugs‚ thus charging high prices enables for cost of capital recovery and profit generation. 2. Patent related and Generic Competition: The developed countries like US and Europe have strong patent protection laws which gives a lot of benefits for the pharmaceutical companies. But‚ the patent laws in other countries are not strong enough and thus they face a risk of loss. 3. Counterfeit Drugs: Some developing countries have weak regulations when it comes to counterfeit drugs from generic
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