results of a genetic cross between individuals of a known genotype. o Homozygous: pair of identical alleles for a character (ex/ pp) o Heterozygous: two different alleles for a gene (ex/ Pp) o Phenotype: an organism’s traits. o Genotype: an organism’s genetic makeup. o Testcross: a cross between an organism whose genotype for a certain trait is unknown and an organism that is homozygous recessive for that trait so the unknown genotype can be determined from the offspring. • Law of independent
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melanogenesis so the defect in this gene typically causes neural cell tissue masts‚ pigment changes. Neurofibromatosis 1 can also cause a multitude of other disorders such as cognitive disorders‚ skeletal and vascular dysplasia’s‚ the exact genotype-phenotype correlation is unknown
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of intermediate inheritance in which one allele for a specific trait is not completely dominant over the other allele. This results in a third phenotype in which the expressed physical trait is a combination of the dominant and recessive phenotypes. Incomplete dominance is similar to‚ but different from co-dominance. In co-dominance‚ an additional phenotype is produced ‚ however both alleles are expressed completely. Co-dominance is exemplified in AB blood type inheritance. Incomplete dominance is
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MENDELIAN GENETICS DEXTER GICARO BALBOA UNO-R Coverage of this Lecture • Mendelian Genetics • Extension of Mendel’s Laws • Problem Sets Mendelian Genetics • Also known as Transmission Genetics • Explores how the genetic material is inherited from generation to generation Mendelian Genetics The first significant insights into the mechanisms involved in inheritance occurred in 1866 with the works of Gregor Johann Mendel His publication lay the foundation for the formal discipline of genetics
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to review the phenotype population of people at Southwest CTA. The research was organized to find the allele and genotype frequency of people who use their right hand versus their left hand. The data showed that the dominant allele was more frequent than the recessive‚ and the genotype frequencies amongst the three were not equal. After studying the chi-squared tests‚ we have decided to reject the null hypothesis because there was a significant difference across the three genotypes. ________
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an organism’s genotype determine its phenotype? A person’s genotype comes directly from their genetic makeup‚ whereas a person’s phenotype relates directly to their physical attributes via protein development. The two are intertwined by the process of synthesis with transcription and translation. DNA is transcribed into RNA which then uses that DNA as a template to translate into a polypeptide forming the trait or attribute. Depending on the DNA or genotype‚ the RNA or phenotype is conversely
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Terms Genotype: a set of alleles (RR or rr) Phenotype: physical trait (round or wrinkled) Punnett Square: A grid system for predicting all possible genotypes Monohybrid: a cross that examines the inheritance of one trait Dihybrid: a cross that examines the inheritance of two traits Genetics Key Terms Continued Independent assortment: alleles of different genes separate independently of one another Incomplete dominance: A heterozygous phenotype that is a blend of the two homozygous phenotypes Codominance:
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the Punnett square to determine the genotypes in the progeny of each of the following crosses: a. Dd x Dd b. AaBB x AaBB c. CcEE x CCEe Notice: in every case‚ each parent produces only two types of gametes. [pic] 3. In guinea pigs‚ rough coat (R) is dominant over smooth coat (r). A rough coated guinea pig is bred to a smooth one‚ giving eight rough and seven smooth progeny in the F1 generation. a. What are the genotypes of the parents and their offspring
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Procedure 17.1 There was a paragraph that had to be read about Albinos and normal colored skin. In order to determine a list of things‚ such as these. List Genotype of Children’s mother Aa Genotype of children’s father aa Possible gametes of mother Aa Possible gametes of father aa Possible offspring aa/Aa Genotypic ratio of children Aa Phenotypic ratio of children Dominant Procedure 17.5 You had to see if cystic fibrosis was inherited as a dominant or recessive allele. There was a table
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A is 0.5. a. What is the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype (AA)? b. What is the frequency of the heterozygous genotype (Aa)? 2. If 16% of the individuals in a population at genetic equilibrium are recessive (aa). a. What is the frequency of the recessive allele in the population? b. What is the frequency of the dominant allele? 3. If the genotype frequencies in a population at genetic equilibrium are 0.36 TT‚ 0.48 Tt
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