Russia possible essay questions: Collapse Reform and reaction‚ 1855–1881 Why did Alexander II order the emancipation of the serfs in 1861? (12 marks) Crimean War defeat His own beliefs Political considerations Why did defeat in the Crimean War lead to reform under Alexander II? (12 marks) Inadequate army training suggested Russia was not an “elite state” Social unrest caused by the defeat Pressure from intellectuals Explain why Alexander II introduced further reforms following the Emancipation
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Translation Theory revision Translation – The process of translation between two different languages involves the translator changing an original text (the source text – ST) in the original verbal languages (the source languages – SL) in a different verbal language (the target language – TL) S. Bassnet def: Translation is rendering of a SL text into the TL so as to ensure that: 1) the surface meaning of the two will be approximately similar‚ and 2) the structures of the SL will e preserved as
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The Stasi The Stasi were the primary intelligence and security agency of East Germany also known as The German Democratic Republic (GDR) during the cold war. They had a large amount of informants‚ agents and military trained police. They focused on espionage and political security. In its 39 years at least 1/3 of the East German population came under Stasi surveillance‚ arrest‚ detention‚ or torture. The East German government‚ with the assistance of the Soviet intelligence community‚ established
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government tried its best to influence citizens to take part in the war effort. This caused social‚ political‚ and economic impacts on the United States. During the war‚ opinions were‚ for the most part‚ positive. Or were they? Due to the Sedition Act of 1918 in document 3‚ anyone who spoke out in a negative manner‚ represented the United States in any way but favorable‚ or showed any sort of support for enemies of the United States could be fined up to ten thousand dollars and/or sentenced to imprisonment
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Peacemaking 1918-1919 and the League of Nations Key issue: how did the treaty of Versailles establish peace? a) The Paris peace conference The war against Germany ended with an armistice on 11th November 1918. The war had been a disaster for Europe. Millions of soldiers on both sides had been injured. Large areas of France and Belgium had been destroyed. Even the victorious powers were almost bankrupt from the cost of waging war for four years. The leaders of the victorious countries met in
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No PSYCHOLOGY REVISION- MRS DAWSON Models of addiction There are different models of addiction‚ these are the biological model‚ the cognitive model and the social learning model. Initiation – this refers to the process where individuals start to become addictive Maintance – this is the process whereby people continue to behave addictively even in the face of adverse consequences Relapse – this is the process whereby individuals who have
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Revolution. Why does Germany unify so late as a country? “Sonderweg” – special path (german) basically states that Germany deviated from other states‚ keeping the aristocracy dominant. This is thought to be deterministic‚ as the sole cause for their rise to power. Why would something like this lead toward Nazism? Why did the Germans unify so late? Germany in the 1500’s is Swiss cheese; there are thousands of divisions throughout the country. All of the states around Germany are practically established
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Islam Revision notes What does Islam teach about good and evil? The problem of evil and suffering is one of the common reasons people give for not believing in God. There are two types of evil: • natural evil - suffering caused by events that have nothing to do with humans‚ and which are to do with the way the world is‚ eg‚ natural disasters such as volcanic eruptions‚ floods or earthquakes • moral (or human) evil - suffering caused by humans acting in a way that is considered morally
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1.1.1 In small unicellular organisms‚ substances move around slowly by diffusion. Diffusion is too slow to move substances round the larger bodies of multicellular organisms. They have a circulatory system: substances are carried in blood pumped by a heart. In a closed circulatory system (eg in vertebrates) blood is enclosed in narrow blood vessels. This increases efficiency: blood travels faster as a higher pressure is generated. Valves ensure blood flows in one direction:
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Gravity‚ mass and weight Answer the following questions in your book (apart from questions 1‚ 4 and 6 which you can answer by writing on this sheet). 1. Complete the following sentences using all or some of the words below; Mass‚ weight‚ kilograms‚ Newtons‚ Newmans‚ Mr Porter‚ Mr Rayner‚ Force‚ upthrust ____________ measures how much material an object is made of. It is measured in ____________________. Weight measures the ________________ of gravity on an object. Because weight is a
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