a. The bacteria that causes botulism are found in soil‚ water‚ animal guts and dung. When the spores exposed to low oxygen and certain temperature‚ they produce botulinum toxin‚ able to germinate‚ metabolize‚ food sources through an aerobic respiration to produce toxin. The toxin blocks the release of acetylcholine from motor nerve endings causing paralysis symptoms. The botulism either food born‚ eating contaminated home-canned foods where the fermentation takes place. or through abrasion in the
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Graphing Practice Name ___RaeAnne Phillips________________________________ Date __________ ▪ Save this file as a WORD document with a new name (LastNameGraph1) ▪ Use Create a Graph (http://nces.ed.gov/nceskids/graphing/) to graph the following data sets. ▪ Copy and paste the graphs AFTER each data set. ▪ Answer the questions AFTER each graph. ▪ Save Frequently! ▪ Email me (mruthenberg@findlaycityschools.org) the finished document. 1. Baby chickens‚ like all baby birds‚ require a constant
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symbioses. Fortunately‚ these mycorrhizal fungi form mutualistic relationships; which will enable the plant to absorb a sufficient amount of water‚ consume nutrients from the soil‚ and prevent pathogens from harming the roots. An experiment on the germination and seed production will be conducted with and without the use of the mycorrhizal fungi to determine its level of influence on the Asclepias californica plant’s progress. The plants will be raised and nursed in a greenhouse. Overall‚ the healthy
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development. This lab uses lima beans in order to determine whether they were viable or not. If a bean is viable‚ it means that it is alive: able to grow and develop. The two ways to find out whether a bean is viable or not‚ are a tetrazolium test and germination test. Tetrazolium is a chemical that turns red in the presence of hydrogen ions. All living organisms release hydrogen ions every day and therefore‚ it was possible to see whether the lima beans were viable or not using tetrazolium. This is a result
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In this lab the peroxidase enzyme is tested in a dormant avocado seed as well as an avocado seed undergoing the process of germination. A gas pressure will be used to test the seeds and see if the peroxidase enzyme is present in either of the seeds. A catalyst is very similar to track spikes. Spikes increase a runner’s speed‚ as a catalyst speeds up the chemical reaction time in a plant. Neither the catalyst nor shoes are changed in these actions. Enzymes are macromolecules that act like catalysts
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on seed germination and after performing this experiment is can be concluded that acid rain has a negative effect on seed germination. When seeds are soaked in an acidic solution the process of germination slows. Acidic solutions‚ while do slow growth of a seed‚ they do not kill the seed. A seed can be dormant for a majority of its lifespan‚ seeds watered with acid solutions stayed in a dormant condition. For example‚ trial three (3) part one (1) and two (2) both experienced germination. Whereas
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In this lab we used radish seeds planted in twelve different pots and three different percentages of isopropyl alcohol (5%‚ 10%‚ & 20%). The first three pots were the controls and they were only given tap water. The second set of three pots were labeled as the low group and they were each given 5% of isopropyl alcohol. The third set of three pots were labeled as the medium group and they were each given 10% of isopropyl alcohol. The fourth set of three pots were labeled as the high group and they
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11. What are runs and tumbles? A run is when flagellum rotates counterclockwise and the cell swims in a smooth linear direction towards the stimulus. Runs are usually interrupted by tumbles because they occur when the flagella change direction. 12. Describe the makeup and functions of fimbriae. Fimbriae are used for interactions between cells. They are small and have bristle-like fibers that are located on the surface of the cell. Most fimbriae are made of protein that can make cells stick together
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Ceratopteris richardii spores were exposed to UV radiation at different stages during their life cycle. Wild type gametophytes treated with UV radiation until germination and sexual maturity showed an increase of hermaphrodites as compared to wild type gametophytes only exposed to white light. Her1 mutants treated with UV radiation until germination showed no change in expected sex ratios. However‚ her1 mutants exposed to UV radiation until sexual maturity showed a large discrepancy in normal sex ratios
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In agriculture and gardening‚ hybrid seed is seed produced by cross-pollinated plants. In hybrid seed production‚ the crosses are specific and controlled. The advantage of growing hybrid seed compared to inbred lines comes from heterosis. To produce hybrid seed‚ elite inbred varieties are crossed with well-documented and consistent phenotypes (such as yield) and the resulting hybrid seed is collected. Another factor that is important in hybrid seed production is the combining ability of the parent
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