Department of Economics Compiled by Prof E Ziramba INTERNATIONAL TRADE Only study guide for ECS302-E UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AFRICA PRETORIA © 2010 University of South Africa All rights reserved Printed and published by the University of South Africa Muckleneuk‚ Pretoria ECS302E/1/2011 – 2013 iii ECS302-E/1/2011-2013 CONTENTS Page 1 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................
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China’s Trade Disputes Disputes over protection of Intellectual Property Complainant: United States Respondent: China Before China joined the GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) in 1986‚ it was a planned economy. What that does mean? It means that the government was in charge of the production‚ investment and prices. In other words‚ the government was in charge of running the economy. By that time‚ China almost had no international commerce but only with socialist countries such as
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members. 3) For trade unions:-Give power to call strikes against employers. A strike is usually the last resort of a trade union‚ but when negotiations have proved unsuccessful‚ a strike may be the only effective option left. -Workers who are unionized will enjoy better working conditions and wages than workers who are not. -Improved worker safety-Increased wages for union and non-union workers-Raised society ’s standard of living-Reduced hours in a working weekAgainst trade unions:-restrict the
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prevailing thought‚ in terms of international trade theory‚ during the Pre-industrial Revolution period. Mercantilism is an economic theory that holds that the prosperity of a nation is dependent upon its supply of capital‚ and that the global volume of international trade is “unchangeable.” Economic assets or capital‚ are represented by bullion (gold‚ silver and trade value) held by the state‚ which is best increased through a positive balance of trade with other nations (exports minus imports).
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The World Trade Organization (WTO) is an organization that intends to supervise and liberalize international trade. The organization officially commenced on January 1‚ 1995 under the Marrakech Agreement‚ replacing the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)‚ which commenced in 1948.[5]The organization deals with regulation of trade between participating countries; it provides a framework for negotiating and formalizing trade agreements‚ and a dispute resolution process aimed at enforcing participants’
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Risks in International Trade & Mitigating Measures What are the different types of risks in international trade? For buyers and sellers that are engaged in international trade‚ they may experience one or more of the following risks: * Buyer’s Insolvency/Credit Risk * Buyer’s Acceptance Risk * Knowledge Inadequacy * Seller’s Performance Risk * Documentation Risk * Economic Risk * Cultural Risk * Legal Risk * Foreign Exchange Risk * Interest Rate Risk * Political/Sovereign
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Country Report on the Trade Union Situation in Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Office: No.4‚ Adams Avenue‚ Colombo 4‚ Sri Lanka. Phone: 94 1 502 710‚ Fax: 94 1 502727 e-mail: office@fessrilanka.org Website: http://www.fessrilanka.org Sri Lanka Labour force: 7.2 million 25-29 30-39 40+ 15.5 16.8 6.5 . Labour force participation rate by age and sex Age All ages 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-39 40+ Total % 51.7 25.2 68.7 71.6 71.8 54.9 Male % 67.9 30.6 83.3 95.3 96.9 76.5 Female % 35.9 35.9 54.0 51
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EDITION Business Policy Thomas L. Wheelen Formerly with University of Virginia Trinity College‚ Dublin Ireland J. David Hunger Iowa State University St. John’s University Prentice Hall Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo Preface 29 PART ONE CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Strategic Management and Business Policy
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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION International Trade Japan is the fifth largest importer and exporter in the world. Like many other Asian countries that have experienced rapid economic growth in the past few decades‚ exports have had a historical significance to the Japanese economy. The belief in the need to promote exports is part of Japan’s self-image as a "processing nation". Japan imports raw materials and pays for them by processing the raw materials‚ thus adding value to them before exporting the
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Understanding Global Trade Elhanan Helpman This draft: August 25‚ 2010 c ° Elhanan Helpman Contents 1 Introduction 1 2 Comparative Advantage 15 2.1 Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 2.2 Factor Proportions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 3 Gainers and Losers 63 3.1 No Distributional Conflicts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 3.2
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