plus slicing tree is also widely developed in VLSI. Nallasamy mani‚ et al.1997 describes a combined genetic algorithm and slicing approach for floorplan area optimization during the early stage of integrated circuit design. It applies a partition procedure to reduce the complexity routing problem. Genetic Algorithm (GA) is wide applied in almost any field‚ including solving FLP. Tam 1992 introduced the coding of layouts as a string of characters of finite length and used a fixed slicing tree
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Gladwell (2009) points out in chapter 3 and 4 of the Outliers that we possess a misunderstanding of the meaning of success. American education links the results of testing in children to offer them greater opportunities‚ depending in their IQ. But a high IQ result doesn’t measure the levels of creativity or creative thinking Therefore‚ Gladwell believes that success is the outcome from having a high IQ‚ education and upbringing. Gladwell proves his point by using Terman’s experiments‚ and the result
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The books Bird by Bird and David and Goliath‚ by Anne Lamott and Malcolm Gladwell respectively‚ provide their readers with many new ideas and ways of thinking about the world around them. They also allow for certain opinions to be created or changed‚ and are powerful tools altogether. Because I have learned to look at things from multiple perspectives‚ and not to always rely on my first instinct‚ I will be rationalising both sides of Thomas Hardy’s statement. “A story must be exceptional enough
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Gladwell’s essay Examined Life Gladwell believes that Stanley H. Kaplan ruined the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) by making it coachable. The Educational Testing Service‚ that created the SAT‚ did not intend for the test to be coachable or studied for. They believed that cramming or last minute review was pointless because the focus of the test was not about what a student learned‚ but what a student was capable of learning. The accounts and research that Gladwell displayed in his essay “Examined
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is not a random act. It arises out of a predictable and powerful set of circumstances and opportunities” (Gladwell 155). Gladwell is implying that success does not arbitrarily come to a person. It takes many foreseeable factors and circumstances. The claim that‚ “if you work hard enough and assert yourself‚ and use your mind and imagination‚ you can shape the world to your desires” (Gladwell 151) is valid to a certain extent. However‚ hard work and the use of one’s mind and imagination alone are
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Bratton worked hard to find a way to clean things up. Bratton wanted to make the subway system better for the innocent passengers so that they could feel safe while riding the subway. He would take time off his nights to “roam the city on the subway” (Gladwell 154) and experience how bad things were first hand. Bratton took the risk of being in such a bad environment in the name of making things better for others. Ever since Bratton changed the way the subway systems work in New York helps numerous amounts
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Gladwell did not distinguish between the type of practice that the musicians in the original study did一a very specific sort of practice referred to as "deliberate practice." Deliberate practice is constantly pushing oneself beyond one’s own comfort zone
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at Anaheim Schools students must sacrifice the time to better their learning and get help. In the essay‚ Marita’s Bargain by Malcolm Gladwell‚ the author states‚ “ Is this a lot to ask of a child? It is. But think of Marita’s perspective. In return‚ KIPP promises that it will take kids like her who are stuck in poverty and give them a chance to get out” (14). Gladwell says that students who are committed to school‚
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not realize the factors that upturn someone to great success. A well-presented book of people conquering success is‚ Outliers: The Story of Success‚ written by Malcolm Gladwell‚ lists prime examples of what it takes to be a true Outlier. An Outlier is someone that is above normal and achieves success beyond the regular. Gladwell demonstrates that almost all of society’s success stories are a paradigm: a pattern of fortunate events. Realizing that maybe we should be more aware of the paradigm of
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case studies‚ Gladwell insists that we have all too easily bought into the myth that successful people are self-made; instead‚ he says they “are invariably the beneficiaries of hidden advantages and extraordinary opportunities and cultural legacies that allow them to learn and work hard and make sense of the world in ways others cannot.” Gladwell defines an outlier as a person out of the ordinary “who doesn’t fit into our normal understanding of achievement.” According to Gladwell‚ great men
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