proteins‚ and nucleic acids. lipids Fat molecules are made up of carbon‚ hydrogen‚ and oxygen atoms. These macromolecules are made up of smaller molecules‚ one glycerol and three fatty acids‚ which is why fats are also called triglycerides. This is an example of a fat molecule. Notice that the three fatty acids are each bonded to the glycerol. The fatty acid molecules may vary in the number of atoms‚ usually 16 to 18 carbons‚ and they may have single or double bonds between the carbon atoms. Fats
Premium Glucose Bacteria Protein
What are the central ideas of Cells? • What are cells? – Cells are the smallest basic unit of living things. • What do they do? – Cells take in raw materials and making new substances. • Why do they do this? – In cells‚ organelles carry out activities to keep the organism alive. – E.g. synthesising proteins and fats‚ releasing energy from glucose. What are the central ideas of Movement of Substances? • What processes describe how substances move from one region to another? –
Premium Glucose Nutrition Protein
Enzymes All enzymes are globular proteins and round in shape They have the suffix "-ase" Intracellular enzymes are found inside the cell Extracellular enzymes act outside the cell (e.g. digestive enzymes) Enzymes are catalysts → speed up chemical reactions Reduce activation energy required to start a reaction between molecules Substrates (reactants) are converted into products Reaction may not take place in absence of enzymes (each enzyme has a specific catalytic action) Enzymes catalyse
Premium Enzyme Blood Cell
Introduction to Biochemistry Biochemistry : a multidisciplinary science that explores the chemistry of living organisms and molecular basis for changes occurring in living cells. Principal areas of Biochemistry 1. Struture and Function of Biomolecules Based on structure depend the function (structure function relationship) Example: Hemoglobin S differs from regular adult hemoglobin (hemoglobin A) by just one single amino acid. A valine replaces a glutamine in the 6th position of the beta
Free Cell Eukaryote Bacteria
membrane to the peptidoglycan. The plasma membrane of these bacteria’s contains phospholipid molecules that are arranged parallel to each other called a lipid bilayer. The surface of the lipid bilayer are polar heads composed of a phosphate group and glycerol that is hydrophilic (water loving) and are soluble in water. Nonpolar tails are in the interior of the bilayer. These nonpolar tails are composed of fatty acids that are hydrophobic (water fearing) and not soluble in water. To contain‚ protect‚ and
Premium Bacteria Gram staining Staining
chemical nature of fats oils and waxes? Oils‚ and waxes are both types of fats except oils are unsaturated fats and waxes are saturated fats. 9. What is the relationship between fats and soaps? Soaps are made from fats by hydrolysis. Fats are glycerol with three fatty acids‚ and soaps are the sodium or potassium salts of fatty acids. 10. Explain the result of part four telling how you determined which type of biological molecule your sample contained? First‚ we obtained a test tube rack
Premium Protein Amino acid Enzyme
TOPIC 1- INTRO TO CELL BIOLOGY Cell Theory: 1) all organisms consist of one or more cells 2) the cell is the basic unit of structure for all organisms (Theodor Schwann) 3) all cells arise only from pre-existing cells (i.e cell= basic unit of reproduction) (Rudolf Virchow) Cells have enormous diversity (function and size)‚ but have unity (similar basic chemistry i.e DNA‚ ATP‚ metabolism‚ etc.) ** units: 1µm= 10-6m‚ 1nm= 10-9 m (typical prokaryote is 1-5µm‚ typical eukaryote is 10-30 µm)
Premium Cell membrane Protein Signal transduction
Lipid fats or triglycerides consist of one glycerol and three fatty acids. The three kinds of triglycerides are saturated fats‚ that have no double bonds‚ unsaturated fats‚ that have one or more double bonds‚ and trans fats‚ that have double bonds located on opposite sides of molecules. The functions
Premium DNA Protein RNA
What is gel electrophoresis? Gel electrophoresis is a technique that separates pieces of DNA (or other biological molecules) by size. Pieces of DNA in a test tube all look the same. DNA Gel Electrophoresis Gel electrophoresis separates pieces of DNA by size so that researchers can further analyze them BURST Training Session November 29‚ 2005 Once the DNA samples are loaded onto the gel‚ an electric current is applied to the gel. DNA is negatively charged due to all the phosphate groups in the
Premium Molecular biology
ANS 3440 COMPREHENSIVE FINAL EXAM STUDY HANDOUT This handout is prepared for you as a guide to assist you in studying for the final exam in this class. If you are knowledgeable in the following areas then you should be well prepared for the final exam. The questions that I have listed here are the most important ones that we have had during the semester. The concepts that are involved in these questions are what you will hopefully remember from this nutrition course long after your college
Premium Metabolism Nutrition Amino acid