Microscopes were invented in the 1600s. Robert Hooke first looked at a thin slice of cork in 1665; he saw "a lot of little boxes." These little boxes first reminded of the little rooms monks lived in‚ so he called them cells. Hooke observed the same pattern in the stems and roots of carrots and other plants. What Hooke still did not know‚ however‚ was that cells are the basic units of living things. Ten years later‚ the Dutch scientist Anton van Leeuwenhoek focused a microscope on what seemed to
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Ever since I can remember I have been a couch potato‚ when it comes to physical activities; exercising and I don’t really get along. I though after I finally finish the activities I will never repeat the way I feel at the end ever again. After collecting myself and finally accepting the fact that I have to do the some sort of exercise like the beep test sometime in this course‚ I gain some confidence and achieved more than I thought I would have ever done. The first activity I did was the beep test
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What are Carbohydrates? Carbohydrates are the sugars‚ starches‚ and fibers found in fruits‚ grains‚ vegetables and milk products. Carbohydrates are sugars that break down inside the body to create glucose. Glucose is moved around the body in the blood and is the primary source of energy for the brain‚ muscles‚ and other essential cells. There are two types of carbohydrates‚ simple and complex; Simple carbohydrates refer to sugars with a simple molecular construction of one or two parts. Because
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the number of those molecules used as input)? (a) 6 ATP‚ 2 NADH (b) 4 ATP‚ 4 NADH (c) 2 ATP‚ 2 NADH (d) 4 ATP‚ 2 NADH 13-6 Which of the following steps or processes in aerobic respiration include the production of carbon dioxide? (a) breakdown of glycogen (b) glycolysis (c) conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA (d) oxidative phosphorylation 13-7 In step 4 of glycolysis‚ a six-carbon sugar (fructose 1‚6-bisphosphate) is cleaved to produce two three-carbon molecules (dihydroxyacetone phosphate and glyceraldehyde
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A well-designed experiment will have only one critical variable that is changed over several trials A bacterium swimming away from a toxic chemical is an example of what aspect of living things? the capacity to respond to environment Evolution is a central‚ unifying theme in biology because the enormously diverse forms of life on Earth have all been shaped by it An atom with an unequal number of protons and electrons is called an ion. This produces a charged atom‚ or ion. An
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is insoluble in cold water or alcohol. It consists of two types of molecules: the linear andhelical amylose and the branched amylopectin. Depending on the plant‚ starch generally contains 20 to 25% amylose and 75 to 80% amylopectin by weight.[1] Glycogen‚ the glucose store of animals‚ is a more branched version of amylopectin. Starch is processed to produce many of the sugars in processed foods. Dissolving starch in warm water gives wheatpaste‚ which can be used as a thickening‚ stiffening or gluing
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There are some body mechanisms each bodybuilder should know about. For instance‚ ammonia is a major waste product of skeletal muscles and its release from the body comes with enormous side effects such as fatigue and loss of the ability to endure. Stress relating to energy levels can also be attributed to release of ammonia from the system of the bodybuilder. Sodium is also very important in regulating the stability of the bodybuilders in terms of homeostatic responses. When you are engaging in
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The endoplasmic reticulum is a labyrinth of spaces connected together encaged by a membrane (Alberts et. al‚ 2010). It is where most cell membrane constituents are made and transported through (Alberts et. all‚ 2010). There are two different types of endoplasmic reticulum; the smooth ER and the rough ER. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is plentiful in membrane bound enzymes (Koolman & Rohm‚ 2005). These enzymes catalyze incomplete reactions in lipid digestion and biotransformation (the chemical
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Homeostasis is the process within mammals where the body systems work together to maintain a stable response to a fluctuating environment within the body due to changes in the external environment and input into the body. The homeostasis process is used during blood sugar regulation within the body. This is the process whereby the body uses hormones to keeps the glucose levels in the blood at a stable level to ensure the body’s optimum function. Blood sugar levels are determined by the amount of
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FINAL EXAM STUDYGUIDELINE 1. What are phagocytes? White blood cells that can ingest and destroy antigens. 2. When the pancreas detects a high concentration of the blood sugar glucose it… Releases the insulin hormone 3. In what organ does the digestion process begin? Mouth 4. What is the function of the pyloric sphincter? Prevents the contents of the small intestine from backing up into the stomach. 5. What is peristalsis All of the above statements are correct. 6. Main function of
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