storage Structural chitin starch glycogen Purple pages F23 cellulose BIO 1140 – SLIDE 2 http://www.mpie.de/index.php?id=2957 Monosaccharides CnH2nOn n = 3 to 7 Trioses‚ pentoses and hexoses most common Linear vs ring configuration Asymmetrical C isomers glyceraldehyde ribose D-glucose -D-glucose ß-D-glucose Fig. 2.13 BIO 1140 – SLIDE 3 Purple pages F20-21 Polysaccharides Glycosidic bond C1 to C4 vs ß starch glycogen Purple pages F22-23 cellulose chitin
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The Molecules of Cells (Chapter 3 in your textbook) Without water and carbon-based molecules‚ no life as we know it! Carbon: The Backbone of Life • Living organisms consist mostly of carbon-based compounds Also‚ H‚ N‚ O‚ P‚ and S…… • Carbon is unparalleled in its ability to form large‚ complex‚ and diverse molecules. Why? Principal source of carbon on Earth? • Proteins‚ DNA‚ carbohydrates‚ lipids‚ and other molecules that distinguish living matter are all composed of carbon. C21H36N7O16P3S Coenzyme
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Running head: METABOLISM Metabolism February 12‚ 2013 Western Governor’s University GRT1 Metabolism Enzymes are molecules that are responsible for chemical reactions that occur within the body. They act as catalyst by accelerating metabolic reactions from the digestion of foods to synthesizing deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). An enzymatic reaction changes substrates‚ the beginning molecule‚ into products. Enzymes are selective for the type of substrate that they will bind to; they have specific
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compounds. Nutrients are classified in 5 major groups: proteins‚ carbohydrates‚ fats‚ vitamins‚ and minerals. One of the five nutrients is carbohydrate. The carbohydrate group principally consists of sugar‚ starch‚ dextrin‚ cellulose‚ and glycogen. In more basic terms‚ carbohydrates are sugars needed by human and other living organisms. Some types of foods that contain carbohydrates would be candies‚ ice cream‚ fruit juice‚ soda‚ chocolate bars etc. Lastly‚ vitamins are connected to
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vessels found in plants). Water can be used in this way to transport many substances: nutrients‚ excretory products (eg urea‚ ammonia)‚ hormones and digestive juices can all be transported by using water as a solvent. Molecules such as starch and glycogen which are hydrophobic are not soluble and therefore are ideal for storage. In the digestive system many polymers and dimmers need to be broken down into smaller molecules by the process of hydrolysis. Water is used in hydrolysis reactions to separate
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for synthesis of other organic molecules. Disaccharides- Two monosaccharides that are joined by a glycosidic linkage. Polysaccharides- Storage or structural macromolecules made from a few hundred to a few thousand monosaccharides. Formation of glycogen and cellulose by condensation reactions to form glycosidic bonds: These are formed when two monosaccharides are condensed together. One monosaccharide loses an H atom from carbon atom number 1 and the other loses an OH group from carbon 4 to form
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Bio 101 Study Objectives for Exam 1 1. Know the characteristics of life 2. Understand how transfer of energy in an ecosystem works between the trophic levels 3. Know two basic cell types 4. Understand the basic steps of the scientific method and the proper design of an experiment. Including the statement of the hypothesis and use of controls. Definitions Energy Matter Producers Consumers/ decomposers Hypothesis 1. Given any element and a periodic chart be able to determine
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Case Study 1: Zachary’s Story Mike Myers A&P Instructor: Dr. Lok 7-26-15 A) If an ulcer starts eroding the mucosa of the GI track absorption would not happen correctly and some of the ingested and secreted products may seep out of the lumen. When the ulcer makes its way through the muscularis mucosa this would create a way for pathogens to enter. He could also loss control of defecation. B) The condition known as peritonitis is when an ulcer eats a hole in the wall of the stomach and
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protein is only but this is a wrong theory. In order to achieve a healthy body you are supposed to include complex carbohydrates and healthy fats in your diet. When you exercise‚ carbohydrates are used as fuel for energy by your body. While exercising glycogen is used and carbohydrates ensures the supply of the same into the
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LABORATORY REPORT Activity: Blood Glucose Regulation Name: Kayla Wilson Instructor: Donald Cragen Date: 10.29.2014 Predictions Plasma glucose levels will be highest immediately after the meal (0 hr) Plasma ketone levels will be highest before the meal (fasting) Plasma insulin levels will be highest 1-3 hours after the meal Plasma glucagon levels will be highest 1-3 hours after the meal Materials and Methods Dependent Variable plasma levels of glucose‚ ketones‚ insulin‚ and glucagon Independent
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