Glycolysis‚ the Krebs cycle‚ and oxidative phosphorylation are the three stages that coordinate to carry out the energy harvesting function of respiration. Occurring in the cytosol‚ glycolysis initiates the catabolic process by breaking down glucose into two molecule of pyruvate‚ where most of the potential energy is stockpiled. Through the Krebs cycle‚ pyruvate is further oxidized in the mitochondrial matrix‚ where the breakdown of glucose to carbon dioxide is completed. In glycolysis and the
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C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + ~ 36-38 ATP In the process of aerobic respiration‚ C6H12O6 is first broken down into 2 3-Carbon molecules called pyruvate or pyruvic acid through the process of Glycolysis‚ which literally means‚ “Sugar decomposition.” A net of 2 ATP is produced during Glycolysis. When oxygen is available‚ these 2 pyruvates move on to the Krebs cycle and electron transport chain to produce the remaining 34-36 ATP. Fig 1.1: An overview of Aerobic Cell Respiration (http://www.phschool
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source of ATP. To get carbohydrates we can eat foods such as potatoes‚ rice‚ bread and fruit‚ and when they are digested they release glucose which is then stored in the body as glycogen‚ to supply energy to the phosphates‚ this is known as anaerobic glycolysis‚ and also used when exercise is at high intensity. The athlete does need to be weary of how long they use this system at the start of the race because could run out of fuel to supply the ATP which can only run anaerobically for up to 3 min which
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as fuel‚ but cellular respiration is most often described as the oxidation of glucose‚ as follows: C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + 686 kilocalories of energy/mole of glucose oxidized Cellular respiration involves glycolysis‚ the Krebs cycle‚ and the electron transport chain. Glycolysis is a catabolic pathway that occurs in the cytosol and partially oxidizes glucose into twopyruvate (3-C). The Krebs cycle is also a catabolic pathway that occurs in the mitochondrial matrix and completes glucose oxidation
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Bacterial Fermentation Secondary article Article Contents Volker Mu¨ller‚ Ludwig-Maximilians-Universita¨t Mu¨nchen‚ Munich‚ Germany . Introduction Under anaerobic conditions‚ in the dark and in the absence of electron acceptors‚ organic compounds are catabolized by strictly anaerobic or facultatively anaerobic bacteria by internally balanced oxidation–reduction reactions‚ a process called fermentation. In fermentation‚ the organic compound serves as both electron donor and acceptor‚ and adenosine
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the electron transport chain. There the energy is drained from the hydrogen electrons and the energy is used to make ATP. The H’s are ultimately accepted by O2 to make H2O as an endproduct. Respiration occurs in three major stages: 1) Glycolysis – occurs in the cytoplasm for both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells • One glucose (6C) is broken into two 3C molecules – 2 pyruvic acids (pyruvate) • One oxidation step produces two molecules of reduced coenzyme – 2NADH
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oxygen‚ a process also known as ________ respiration. A. presence‚ aerobic B. presence‚ anaerobic C. absence‚ aerobic D. absence‚ anaerobic 7. Pyruvate is the starting compound for ________. A. Alcohol fermentation B. Glycolysis C.
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BTEC Level 3 Unit 2: The Physiology of Fitness Describe the musculoskeletal and energy systems response to acute exercise. What is an acute response? An acute response is an immediate response to exercise. Acute exercise will last throughout the full length of your training session. During the training session our bodies begin to respond to the exercises we are doing and begin to feel the changes within our bodies and mind due to physical strain and stress of the physical activity in lots
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following statements is not true concerning glycolysis in anaerobic muscle? a) b) c) d) e) Fructose 1‚6-bisphosphatase is one of the enzymes of the pathway. It is an endergonic process. It results in net synthesis of ATP. It results in synthesis of NADH. Its rate is slowed by a high [ATP]/[ADP] ratio. 4. When a muscle is stimulated to contract aerobically‚ less lactic acid is formed than when it contracts anaerobically because: a) b) c) d) glycolysis does not occur to significant extent under aerobic
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citric acid cycle is part of a metabolic pathway involved in the chemical conversion of carbohydrates‚ fats and proteins into carbon dioxide and water to generate a form of usable energy. Other relevant reactions in the pathway include those in glycolysis and pyruvate oxidation before the citric acid cycle‚ and oxidative phosphorylation after it. In addition‚ it provides precursors for many compounds including some amino acids and is therefore functional even in cells performing fermentation. |Contents
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