A carbohydrate is an organic compound that consists only of carbon‚ hydrogen‚ and oxygen‚ usually with a hydrogen:oxygen atom ratio of 2:1 (as in water); in other words‚ with the empirical formula Cm(H2O)n. The carbohydrates (saccharides) are divided into four chemical groupings: monosaccharides‚ disaccharides‚ oligosaccharides‚ and polysaccharides. In general‚ the monosaccharides and disaccharides‚ which are smaller (lower molecular weight) carbohydrates‚ are commonly referred to as sugars.
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13. ORGANIC CHEMISTRY IV) ALKYNES SYNOPSIS Alkynes are commonly known as acetylenes. Acetylene is the simplest and important member of the alkyne series. • Alkynes contain – C ≡ C – • General molecular formula of alkynes is CnH2n–2 • Triple bonded carbons are ‘sp’ hybridized and greater s – character is associated with it. • Alkynes will exhibit chain‚ position and functional isomerism. • Their functional isomers are alkadienes and cyclo alkenes. • The minimum number of carbons required to exhibit
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The aim for this experiment is to investigate the effects of different storage environments on organic and non-organic bananas‚ to see which one lasts the longest over a period of time. The study was separated into 5 groups that were each labeled to a location in a standard family home that would‚ over time‚ begin to affect the overall form and characteristics of the bananas. Throughout the experiment‚ it was found that “Group 2 – Impact of Air Exposure‚” lasted longer than any other group. Following
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XOPS Paper Presentation Competition Date -21/11/2010 “Progression of our nation towards Go Green” 1. Introduction You only have to look around and think to understand and realize the graveness and urgency‚ of why we need to “Go Green”. The computer you are using to view this document is guzzling up power and generating heat from its processor‚ thus adding to its carbon footprint‚ this is without mentioning the hazardous metals used while making it. The clothes that you are wearing might
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THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC MOLECULES I. MACROMOLECULES-large molecules that are composed of smaller molecules and atoms that are bonded together. These are among the largest of all chemical molecules. A. Polymers-the largest of the macromolecules. These are composed of numerous‚ small identical subunits known as Monomers. There are 4 major polymers that are important for living organisms. These polymers are; carbohydrates‚ lipids‚ proteins and nucleic acids. B. Polymers
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Organic Chemistry‚ Fourth Edition Janice Gorzynski Smith University of Hawai’i Chapter 1 Lecture Outline Prepared by Layne A. Morsch The University of Illinois - Springfield Copyright © 2014 The McGraw-Hill Companies‚ Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. 1 Bonding • Bonding is the joining of two atoms in a stable arrangement. • Through bonding‚ atoms attain a complete outer shell of valence electrons (stable noble gas configuration). • Atoms can form either ionic or covalent
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Pokémon GO is one of the most popular game on the smartphone. It is became the phenomenon of the world‚ because It is make people to have a new experience to play the game outside. To introduce people to know each other and join to play together. The reason why people have to play this game outside because some creatures that they are called “Pokémon” has been outside‚ so they have to find about 151 of Pokémon to became the Pokémon master. Many reasons Pokémon GO became the famous game around the
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ALCOHOLS Alcohols are compounds in which one or more hydrogen atoms in an alkane have been replaced by an -OH group. For the purposes of UK A level‚ we will only look at compounds containing one -OH group. For example: Primary alcohols In a primary (1°) alcohol‚ the carbon which carries the -OH group is only attached to one alkyl group Some examples of primary alcohols include: Secondary alcohols In a secondary (2°) alcohol‚ the carbon with the -OH group attached is joined directly to
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CHEM 3305 - 001 Organic Chemistry 1 Dr Michael Findlater Spring Semester‚ 2013 Stereochemistry • Stereochemistry refers to the three-dimensional structure of a molecule. • As a consequence of stereochemistry‚ apparently minor differences in 3D structure can result in vastly different properties. • We can observe this by considering starch and cellulose‚ which are both composed of the same repeating unit. Stereochemistry of Starch and Cellulose Figure 5.2 • In cellulose
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