The nucleus is the largest and most prominent organelle‚ occupying about 10% of the total volume of a cell and can have a varying number of nuclei. It could be uni-nucleate – single nucleus; bi-nucleate – two nuclei or even multi-nucleate. The nucleus separates itself from the surrounding cytoplasm by the double membrane around it called the nuclear envelope‚ this helps to regulate the flow of certain substances going in and out of the nucleus. At varying points around the nucleus‚ the two membranes
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movement of sperm cells? A. Flagellum Question 9 Which cell organelle which is responsible for processing‚ packaging‚ and the secretion of proteins? D. Golgi apparatus Question 10 What is the function of secretory vesicles inside a cell? Correct A. move proteins between the Golgi apparatus and the plasma membrane Question 11 Besides mutation‚ which of the following is important in generating phenotypic differences? D. Sexual reproduction
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Chapter 6: A Tour of the Cell Cell fractionation – cells are taken apart using a centrifuge (differential centrifugation) and separated into their sub cellular structures Point of Difference | Eukaryotic | Prokaryotic | Shape/Size | Larger | Smaller | Complexity | Membrane bounded organelles | No membrane bound organelles | Nucleus | Bounded membrane with DNA | DNA in a region (nucleoid) | Kingdom | Plants‚ animals‚ fungi‚ protists | Bacteria and archaea | Reproduction | Sexual reproduction
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Prokaryotic cells vs. Eukaryotic cells Two Fundamentally Different Classes of Cells charcteristic Prokaryotic Cells Eukaryotic Cells word origins pro=before karyon=kernel or nucleus eu=true karyon=kernel or nucleus Domains of Bacteria 1. archaea or archaebacteria‚ more ancient in soil and water also in hostile environments‚ many without oxygen high salt/brine methanogens halophiles thermoacidophiles hot acidic springs 2. bacteria or eubacteria‚ more
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Cell Biology Test 1 Tuesday‚ September 10‚ 2013 7:33 PM I. Tour of the Cell I.a. 2 cells don’t reproduce I.a.i. Most neurons I.a.ii. Skeletal muscles (too big to undergo mitosis) I.a. Cells are complexi organized I.a.i. Respond to stimuli I.a. 3 necessary components for cells I.a.i. Be able to accumulate energy from environment I.a.ii. Information storage and retrieval system I.a.iii. Boundary system to separate inside from outside I.a. Prokaryotes I.a.i. Form before the nucleus
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-> GOES IN WITH RIBOSOMES (builds proteins) This is composed with smaller protein molecules called amino acids (20) TO DO A JOB DONE -> NUCLUES -> SET INTRUCTIONS (DNA) -> RNA (PHOTOCOPY) -> RIBOSOMES (FACTORY) -> PROTEINS GOLGI BODY (ORGANELLE) Golgi apparatus packages proteins in membranous sacs. Vesicles are proteins filled sacs It travels from plasma towards the outside of the
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Worksheet 2 1. a) Define a cell. b) What is a unicellular organism? c) Can a cell be multicellular? a) Cell: Smallest unit that displays the properties of life; always contains cytoplasm surrounded by a plasma membrane. b) Unicellular Organism: An organism that consists of only one cell‚ unlike a multicellular organism that consists of multiple cells. c) No single cell is multicellular; however‚ it has been noted that a cell can evolve and become multicellular. 2
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GROUP 6 ANIMAL CELL and It’s Functions ANIMAL CELL: About animal cell usually have an irregular shape. are eukaryote cells‚ or cells with a membrane bound nucleus. DNA is housed within the nucleus. Also contain other membrane bound organelles‚ or tiny cellular structures that carry out specific functions necessary for normal cellular operation. smaller than plant cells. Cell Membrane is the outermost component of a cell. it is composed of 55% proteins‚ 25% phospholipids
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1. water molecules have +0 charged ends and can form weak hydrogen bonds . water is said to be a dipolar molecule. 2. The basic uits of CO2 are monosaccharides ‚ characterized by the number of carbon atoms‚ e.g pentose sugars have 5 carbons 3. Two monossaccharids can link together to form a disaccharide . the bond between them is a glycosidic linkage formed in a condensation reaction 4. Starch is a polysaccharide composed of amylose and amylopectin. Its main function is as a storage
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rare | Endoplasmic reticulum: | Present | Absent | Mitochondria: | Present | Absent | Cytoskeleton: | Present | May be absent | DNA wrapping on proteins.: | Yes | No | Ribosomes: | larger | smaller | Vesicles: | Present | Present | Golgi apparatus: | Present | Absent | Mitosis: | Yes | No---but has binary fission | Chloroplasts: | Present (in plants) | Absent; chlorophyll scattered in the cytoplasm | Flagella: | Microscopic in size; membrane bound; usually arranged as nine doublets
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