Paper-1 1. Non-chordata and Chordata: (a) Classification and relationship of various phyla up to subclasses: Acoelomate and Coelomate‚ Protostomes and Deuterostomes‚ Bilateria and Radiata; Status of Protista‚ Parazoa‚ Onychophora and Hemichordata; Symmetry. (b) Protozoa: Locomotion‚ nutrition‚ reproduction‚ sex; General features and life history of Paramaecium‚ Monocystis‚ Plasmodium and Leishmania. (c) Porifera: Skeleton‚ canal system and reproduction. (d) Cnidaria: Polymorphism‚ defensive
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nuclear membrane Endoplasmic Reticulum Internal transportation -transports materials throughout the cell with its branching tubes and pockets -brain: assists with production‚ release of hormone -muscles: involved with muscle contraction Golgi Apparatus Exports transportation -collect and process materials to be removed from the cell -make and secrete mucus Cell Membrane Security/ export/import -support the cell -allow some substances to enter while keeping others out (semi-permeable) Chloroplasts
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The Shiga toxin comprises a family of related protein toxins produced by bacteria Shigella dysenteriae. The bacteria S. dysenteriae was discovered by Japanese bacteriologist Kiyoshi Shiga in 1898. Shiga studied 36 patients at the Institute for Infectious Diseases (Tokyo‚ Japan) and isolated a bacterium from the intestinal tissue of dysentery patient. Bacterial isolates were cultured and fed to dogs; that resulted in dysenteric disease (Shiga‚ 1898). Shigella belongs to enterobacteriaceae bacterial
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8.1.1 The Eukaryotic cell cycle 1. If a cell is in a state in which it no longer divides then the cell is probably arrested at which stage of the cell cycle? A) G1 2. Interphase of the cell cycle lasts longer than mitosis? A) TRUE - A cell spends about 90% of its life in interphase of the cell cycle‚ while it spends only about 10% of its life in M phase. 3. When does DNA replication occur in the cell cycle? A) Interphase 4. Which statement about the cell cycle is incorrect? C) In G2
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phosphorus‚ bicarbonate‚ citrate‚ magnesium‚ potassium‚ sodium‚ and hydroxide ions 4. What two organelles do you think are especially prominent in osteoblasts? (Hint: Consider the major substances that osteoblasts synthesize) Mitochondrion and Golgi apparatus 5. Explain how each the organic material and inorganic material of bone is important to the integrity of bone function. (Hint: What do each component provide to help in proper bone health?) Organic: Collagen is the flexibility to the matrix
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Vocabulary Chapter 4 1. adhesive junctions- tissues that link together cells 2. basal body- An eukaryotic cell organelle that consists of a 9 + 0 arrangement of microtubule triplets; could be the organization of a microtubule assembly of a cilium or flagellum; its structure is completely identical to that of a centriole 3. capsule- surrounding the cell walls of some bacteria is a sticky layer that protects the cell surface and sometimes helps in gluing cells to surfaces 4. cell junctions- A
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through the membrane. Waste products also leave through the membrane. Analogy- In a restaurant the doors are responsible for letting people in and letting people out. Golgi Bodies- In cells‚ structures called Golgi Bodies are stacks of membrane-covered sacs that package and move proteins to the outside of the cell. Golgi bodies are the packaging and secreting organelles of the cell. Analogy- In a restaurant to-go boxes are made to take food outside of the restaurant. Vacuole Membrane-
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Name________________ Block 4 ______ Pushing the Limits – Strength! For each section: List ONE question that could be answered by the film about each of the different sections and state the answer. Bones Q - How Many bones is your skeleton made up of ? _______________________________________________________________________ A - The Skeleton is made up of 206 bones _______________________________________________________________________ Muscles – Superhuman strength Q- How does
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Drawings vary‚ check to make sure the relative sizes are correct. High Power should show only a couple of cells that take up most of the viewing field. The micoscope is designed to view the slide at different spots‚ so not all drawings will look like this one. Images were snipped from the virtual microscope’s flash animation. Scanning (4) | Low (10) | High (40) | 3. Go to google and type "cheek cells" into the search box. Click on "images" to see all the images google has found on the web showing
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Page 1 of 8 BIOLOGY 12- CELL STRUCTURE & FUNCTION Chapter Notes THE CELL THEORY • Although different living things may be as unlike as a violet and an octopus‚ they are all built in essentially the same way. The most basic similarity is that all living things are composed of one or more cells. This is known as the Cell Theory. • our knowledge of cells is built on work done with microscopes • English scientist Robert Hooke in 1665 first described cells from his observations of cork slices
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