Reported Speech Table for change in tense of reported speech (Statements) The tense changes into the corresponding past. Direct Indirect/ Reported Simple Present tense Simple Past Tense Present Continuous tense Past Continuous tense Present Perfect tense Past Perfect tense Present Perfect Continuous tense Past Perfect Continuous tense Simple Past tense Past Perfect Past Continuous tense Past Perfect Continuous tense Past Perfect Past Perfect Simple Future (will) would Future continuous
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Browning says‚ “Was the site once of a city great and gay‚ (So they say) Of our country’s very capital‚ its prince Ages since… Now‚ ---the country does not even boast a tree‚ As you see” (7-10‚ 13-14). This statement is clearly in the past tense as the speaker is explaining the magnitude of the once great city that used to stand before him. Therefore‚ when the speaker addresses the yellow-haired girl later within the poem‚ he talks about her with a sense of what can be in the future. The speaker
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can guess more or less about what we are going to be told in the poem; at least we can guess that the poem deals with digging. Now‚ we are going to analyses the tenses used by Heaney: the poem begins in the present tense as Seamus Heaney describes seeing his elderly father straining among the flowerbeds‚ then it goes into the past tense when he remembers his father and grandfather at work. The last two stanzas return to the present‚ when Heaney realises that his work is to write. Ant the end‚ in
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said using "quote" and "unquote" is awkward at best. A further aspect of reported speech is encouraging students to use other reporting verbs beyond "say" and "tell". Introducing Reported Speech Start with Tenses I find it best to start off with simple examples in which changes are only made in tense. For example: Write on the Board: Direct Speech Tom said‚ "I enjoy watching action movies." becomes Indirect Speech Tom said he enjoyed watching action movies. Direct Speech Anna told me‚ "I
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from you‚ please?" "Do you mind if I turn up the heating?" "Would you mind if I turned up the heating?" Speaking tip: Could is more polite that can. Do you mind if…" is followed by the verb in the present tense‚ but would you mind if… is followed by the verb in the past tense. When you’re using these two sentences‚ don’t use please. It’s already polite enough! Offering to do something for another person You can make an offer using a phrase like Can I… ?‚ Shall I… ?‚ Would you like
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Writing Your Project Sadiki Lameck Kusyama November‚ 2014 Overview Structure Content Writing Formatting Submission 2 Structure (1) First decide the structure of your dissertation: how it will be divided into chapters (and appendices). You might decide to subdivide some chapters into sections. You might even subdivide some sections into sub-sections. – But avoid sub-sub-sections! 3 Example: structure (1) Typical structure for a development project: Chapters Appendices
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(THESIS FORMAT) PRELIMINARY PAGES Title Page • Title – short (length is 10-12 words); reflective of the content‚ problem‚ and the main variables to be studied; free of value judgment; should be written in inverted pyramid boldface‚ and capital letters • Author’s Name / Month and Year of Completion • Institutional Affiliation Acknowledgment Abstract - brief‚ comprehensive summary of the contents of the manuscript
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Language related tasks. 1. …everything that has happened to us during the day. (grammar) Meaning. The has happened in this grammar structure is an intransitive verb as there is no action attached to the verb. This is the present perfect tense it is used to describe actions or events that are complete‚ but have a connection with the present. (Swan‚ M. 2004:438). Concept questions (CQs): Are the events finished? Yes. Is there an action attached to the verb? No Is the day in the
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grouped with modal auxiliary verbs for convenience‚ but in fact it is not a modal verb. It is not even an auxiliary verb. In the have to structure‚ "have" is a main verb. The structure is:3 subject + have + infinitive (with to) Examples in the simple tense: subject auxiliary verb main verb have infinitive (with to) + She has to work. - I do not have to see the doctor. ? Did you have to go to school? In informal speaking and writing we use the contraction ‘ve after pronouns
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Step 1‚ you identified two challenges you are having with reading. Now shift your focus from these challenges to how you would prefer your situation to be. On your Academic Skills Plan‚ write your goals for taking notes. State them in the present tense as if they already exist (e.g.‚ I understand . . . rather than I will understand . . . or . . . I enjoy . . . rather than I will enjoy . . .). See examples on pages attached. Step 3 What are my possible choices? Review strategies for reading on
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