Chapter 4 Extrusion Subjects of interest • Introduction/objectives • Classification of extrusion processes • Extrusion equipment (Presses‚ dies and tools) • Hot extrusion • Deformation‚ lubrication‚ and defects in extrusion • Analysis of the extrusion process • Cold extrusion and cold-forming • Hydrostatic extrusion • Extrusion of tubing • Production of seamless pipe and tubing Suranaree University of Technology Tapany Udomphol Jan-Mar 2007 Objective • This chapter aims to provide
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Resources‚ Conservation and Recycling 21 (1997) 145–173 Metals recycling: economic and environmental implications Robert U. Ayres * INSEAD‚ Boule6ard de Constance‚ F-77305‚ Fontainebleau‚ France Received 17 July 1997; accepted 27 July 1997 Abstract We are in a period of economic transition. The ‘cowboy economy’ of the past is obsolescent‚ if not obsolete. Environmental services are no longer free goods‚ and this fact is driving major changes. Recycling is the wave of the (immediate) future
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Chemical Prperties of Metals Most metals are chemically reactive‚ reacting with oxygen in the air to form oxides over changing timescales (for example iron rusts over years and potassium burns in seconds). The alkali metals react quickest followed by the alkaline earth metals‚ found in the leftmost two groups of the periodic table. Examples: 4Na + O2 → 2Na2O (sodium oxide) 2Ca + O2 → 2CaO (calcium oxide) 4Al + 3O2 → 2Al2O3 (aluminium oxide) The transition metals take much longer to
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The Enthalpy of Formation of Magnesium Carbonate By: Jessica Miller T.A: Thomas Lab Partner: Rebekah Melanson Thursday Lab Room 106 Chemistry 1001-A Due Date: Thursday February 3rd 2011 Abstract The purpose of this experiment was to determine the enthalpy of formation of magnesium carbonate in a lab setting. This was done using a calorimeter‚ which was calibrated by adding a known amount of both hot and cold water. Following the calibration of the calorimeter‚ HCl was placed into the empty calorimeter
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The brass alloy we are experimenting on is called Muntz Metal. Muntz metal is 60% copper‚ 40% zinc and a hint of copper [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muntz_metal] (accessed 4/10/12). Muntz metal was developed as an alternative to expensive‚ heavy copper. It is comprised of about 60% copper and about 40% zinc‚ with a small amount of iron. The finished product actually is considered a form of brass‚ but it has maintained its name of Muntz metal. [http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-muntz-metal.htm] (Accessed
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26 2.3 Metal Forming Valery Marinov‚ Manufacturing Technology SHEET METALWORKING Classification of Sheet Metalworking Processes Basic sheet metalworking operations: (a) bending‚ (b) drawing‚ and (c) shearing; (1) as punch first contacts sheet and (2) after cutting. Force and relative motion are indicated by F and v Cutting Operations Shearing Shearing is a sheet metal cutting operation along a straight line between two cut-ting edges by means of a power shear. Shearing
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Study of Gold metal Date: 14/01/2013 Submitted to: Dr Sami Habib Submitted by: Jamil Mahfoud (A1010659) I- General introduction about metals: a- Historical background Back to 6000 BC‚ process metallurgy is known as one of the oldest applied sciences. Despite that the form of metals was very basic but it has a big impact on the society because of its wide uses especially as tools for agriculture or hunting and even as artistic styles later on. There are 86 known metals so far that were
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STRENGTHENING OF METALS There are 4 major ways to strengthen metals‚ and all work because they make dislocation motion more difficult. They also reduce the ductility: 1) Cold work (Strain Hardening) 2) Reduce grain size (Strengthening by Grain Size Reduction) 3) Add other elements in solid solution (Solid Solution Strengthening) 4) Add second phase particles (Precipitation or Age Hardening) • These mechanisms may be combined. • For example‚ the world’s strongest structural material (with
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Scrap Metal To Inform To inform my audience that scrap is a commodity often confused with waste. Scrap has monetary value making up one of the largest exports of the United States. Introduction I. Scrap is a $65 billion dollar industry in the United States. The U.S exports $15.7 billion to other countries. II. While this is a global industry it all starts with local entrepreneurs like me. III. Scrap is everything that we throw away that can be recycled and used to make new products.
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I. BACKGROUND Precious metals and gemstones have been a popular investment vehicle especially in Asian countries and on the part of those who are constantly moving from one country to another. Asians have a special fondness for them because precious metals and gemstones have enabled them to survive hard times most especially when the super power waged their wars on our shores. Another reason for this is the presence of many gold deposits and mines in our country
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