Determination of the Waters of Crystallisation/ Water of Hydration‚ In Hydrated copper (II) Sulphate Introduction In nature there are some salts that will have water in their crystalline structure. These salts are commonly known as hydrated salts. Hydrated Copper (II) sulphate is one of these‚ as suggested by the use of the word hydrated in its name. Its molecular structure is shown below. The water that is chemically combined into their structure is called the water of crystallisation.
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crystallized from water solutions appear to be perfectly dry‚ yet when heated they discharge large quantities of water. An example can be hydrated copper (II) sulfate. Exactly this salt is used in the described experiment. RESEARCH QUESTIONWhat is the number of moles of water of crystallization associated with one mole of copper (II) sulfate‚ in the hydrate CuSO4 * xH2O (s)? The independent variable in this experiment is sample thermal treatment ( heating and cooling) and the dependent variable is
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Journal of Food Engineering 73 (2006) 320–326 www.elsevier.com/locate/jfoodeng Determination and correlation of heat transfer coefficients in a falling film evaporator ´ J.S. Prost a‚ M.T. Gonzalez a b a‚b ‚ M.J. Urbicain a‚b‚* ´ ´ ´ Planta Piloto de Ingenierıa Quımica (PLAPIQUI)‚ Camino La Carrindanga Km 7‚ (8000) Bahıa Blanca‚ Argentina ´ ´ ´ Departamento de Ingenierıa Quımica‚ Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)‚ Alem 1253‚ (8000) Bahıa Blanca‚ Argentina Received 23 July 2004; accepted
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PRACTICAL 7 TITLE : DETERMINATION OF ERYTHROSINE CONCENTRATION USING UV- VISIBLE SPECTROPHOTOMETER INTRODUCTION In chemistry‚ spectrophotometry is the quantitative measurement of the reflection or transmission properties of a material as a function of wavelength. It is more specific than the general term electromagnetic spectroscopy in that spectrophotometry deals with visible light‚ near-ultraviolet‚ and near-infrared‚ but does not cover time-resolved spectroscopic techniques. Spectrophotometry
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Quantitative Determination of Total Hardness In Drinking Water By Complexometric EDTA Titration R. A. J. Cadiz1 and J. M. Nael2 1Institute of Biology‚ College of Science 2National Institute of Geological Sciences‚ College of Science University of the Philippines‚ Diliman‚ Quezon City‚ Philippines Date Submitted: May 9‚ 2013 Abstract This experiment is about the determination of water hardness through the use of complexometric EDTA titration. Determination of water hardness is important to
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Experiment No. 3 Determination of Chromium (VI) by Direct Visible Spectrophotometry (External Calibration Method) Group Members: Cabahug‚ Elisha Niña M. Date Performed: November 20 & 22‚ 2012 Mejia‚ Helen Mae N. Date Submitted: November 29‚ 2012 Score: I. Introduction Spectrophotometric measurements with UV or visible light radiation are useful in detecting transition metal ions and highly conjugated organic compounds. In UV and visible light regions‚ energy spaces molecules
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EXPERIMENT 11: DETERMINATION OF DISSOLVED OXYGEN IN A WATER SAMPLE (WINKLER METHOD) INTRODUCTION In an alkaline solution‚ dissolved oxygen will oxidize manganese(II) to the trivalent state. 8OH-(aq) + 4Mn2+(aq) + 2H2O(l) －－＞ 4Mn(OH)3(s) The analysis is completed by titrating the iodine produced from potassium iodide by manganese(III) hydroxide. 2Mn(OH)3(s) + 2I-(aq) + 6 H+(aq) －－＞ 2Mn2+(aq) + I2(aq) + 6H2O(l) Sodium thiosulphate is used as the titrant. Success of the method is critically
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Experiment 1: APPLICATION OF STATISTICAL CONCEPTS IN THE DETERMINATION OF WEIGHT VARIATION IN SAMPLES LEE‚ Hyun Sik Chem 26.1 WFV/WFQR1 ------------------------------------------------- Nov. 23‚ 2012 A skillful researcher aims to end his study with a precise and accurate result. Precision refers to the closeness of the values when some quantity is measured several times; while accuracy refers to the closeness of the values to the true value. The tool he utilizes to prevent errors in precision and
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The Nigerian foreign exchange market; rate determination; control and prospects for Naira convertibility Good morning members of the high table‚ my colleagues in the industry and all other distinguished guests. It is my greatest pleasure to present this paper at the Foreign Exchange seminar organized by the Chartered Institute of Bankers of Nigeria. I hope I am able to shed light on this extremely challenging topic. Definition: The foreign exchange market can be defined as the collective
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Determination of Refractive Index of Prism using Spectrometer and Various Light Sources Dimain‚ Marion; Gonzales‚ Jade; Pancho Jr.‚ Ronel; Viloria‚ Matthew David College of Engineering‚ University of the Philippines‚ Diliman‚ Quezon City 1101‚ Philippines msdimain@yahoo.com jadegonzales019@yahoo.com ronelpancho@yahoo.com tewhmat.liv@gmail.com Abstract The study aims to measure the refractive index of a triangular prism using a spectrometer‚ utilizing different gas discharge tubes as light source
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