magnesium sulfide‚ MgS‚ is soluble + any other cation = low solubility (insoluble) zinc sulfide‚ ZnS‚ is insoluble hydroxide OH- + alkali ions (Li+‚ Na+‚ K+‚ Rb+‚ Cs+‚ Fr+)‚ Sr2+‚ Ba2+‚ Ra2+‚ Tl+‚ and H+(aq)‚ and NH4 = soluble strontium hydroxide‚ Sr(OH)2‚ is soluble + any other cation = low solubility (insoluble) silver hydroxide‚ AgOH‚ is insoluble (forms a precipitate) Phosphate (PO43-)‚ Carbonate (CO32-)‚ Sulfite (SO32-) + alkali ions (Li+‚ Na+‚ K+
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with chromate to form an equilibrium and produce some dichromate and water. This reaction will cause the amount of chromate to decrease in order to form more products and the equilibrium will shift to the right. c) The NaOH‚ specifically the hydroxide‚ would react with the dichromate and push the equilibrium toward reactants. This would increase the amount of reactants and decrease the amount of dichromate being formed in the equilibrium. The solution would be yellow because there would be more
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nutritional chemistry red tomatoes raw nutritional value per 100 gm (3.5 oz) contains 20 kcal‚ carbohydrate - 4 gm‚ sugar – 2.6 gm‚ dietary fibre – 1 gm‚ fat – 0.2 gm‚ protein – 1 gm‚ water – 95 gm‚ vitamin C – 13 gm. It also contains minerals like calcium – 48 gm‚ phosphorous 20 –gm‚ iron – 0.4 gm‚ small amount of vitamin B complex. The tomato is essentially an alkaline vegetable‚ its acid taste is due to malic acid which is about 0.5% it also contains 0.52& to 1.81 citric acid and only a trace of
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PROPERTIES OF SOLUTIONS A solution is a mixture of materials‚ one of which is usually a fluid. A fluid is a material that flows‚ such as a liquid or a gas. The fluid of a solution is usually the solvent. The material other than the solvent is the solute. We say that we dissolve the solute into the solvent. Some solutions are so common to us that we give them a unique name. A solution of water and sugar is called syrup. A solution of sodium chloride (common table salt) in water is called brine
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cleaners‚ metal cleaners and rust removers. A variety of maintenance chemicals contain these compounds. Alkali maintenance chemicals like degreasers‚ oven cleaners and drain openers contain bases such as Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH)‚ Potassium Hydroxide (KOH)‚ Sodium Metasilicate (Na2SiO3)‚ Ammonium Hydroxide (NH3(aq)). Special salts like Sodium Lauryl Sulfate‚ ammonium ethoxysulfate are formulated into carpet shampoos‚ hand soaps and carwash detergents to provide more efficient cleaning. What is a pH buffer
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learning how to identify the amount of nickel in an unknown substance. The purpose was to use gravimetric analysis to quantitatively separate and weigh insoluble reaction products as well as utilize the mole method to compute the amount and percentage of nickel in an unknown nickel sample. The chemical reaction that took place involved the reaction between DMG (Dimethylglyoxime‚ C4H8N202) and the Hydroxide ion (OH-) to produce DMG- (C4H7N202-) and Water (H20). Then there was a reaction between DMG-
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Measuring the Solubility Product of Ca(OH)2 Purpose: The purpose of this investigation is to find the solubility product (Ksp) of Ca(OH)2 by titrating the hydrochloric acid with calcium hydroxide and using their entities to find the concentration of Ca2+ and OH- ions. Materials: Refer to lab sheet “Measuring the Solubility of Ca(OH)2” (handout) Method (Procedure): Refer to lab sheet “Measuring the Solubility of Ca(OH)2” (handout) Observations Trial 1 Trial 2 Initial burette reading 0mL 17.75mL
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soluble. C. Ammonium salts: Almost all ammonium salts are soluble. D. Sulfates: The sulfates of most common elements are soluble‚ except those of calcium‚ strontium‚ barium‚ and lead (II) ions. © 2010 Hands On Labs‚ Inc. LabPaq CK-1 103 E. Hydroxides: Most of the hydroxides are insoluble‚ except those of the alkali metals and barium; calcium hydroxide is moderately soluble. F. Halides: The chloride‚ bromide‚ and iodide salts are generally soluble‚ except those of silver‚ lead (II)‚ and mercury
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Chemistry : 1. Aluminium hydroxide on thermal decomposition gives aluminium oxide and water 2. Iron (iii) oxide reacts with carbon forming iron and carbonmonoxide 3. Hydrogen peroxide reacts with lead sulphide forming lead sulphate and water 4. Lithium reacts with nitrogen forming lithium nitride 5. Nickel sulphate reacts with sodium phosphate to form nickel phosphate and sodium sulphate 6. Silver oxide reacts with hydrogen peroxide to form silver ‚ water and oxygen 7
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MARKS: 150 TIME: 3 hours This question paper consists of 16 pages and 4 data sheets. INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION |1. |Write your centre number and examination number in the appropriate spaces on the ANSWER BOOK. | | | | | | | | | |Answer ALL the questions
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