and Structural unit of all organisms Classification of cell: 1. Prokaryotic cell – (Greek: pro‚ before)‚ which lack this organelle. 2. Eukaryotic cell – (Greek: eu‚ good or true _ karyon‚ kernel or nut)‚ which have a membrane enclosed nucleus encapsulating their DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) Difference between a prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell: | PROKARYOTES | EUKARYOTES | Species | All species that belong to Kingdom Monera. | All other organisms that doesn’t
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Themes in the Study of Life Campbell Biology 9th ed. Chapter 1 What is Biology? • Biology is the scientific study of life • Biologists ask questions such as – – – How do multicelled organisms develop? How does the human mind work? How do living things interact in communities? • Life defies a simple‚ one-sentence definition • Life is recognized by what living things do Some Properties of Life • Order • Evolutionary adaptation • Response to environment • Reproduction • Growth and development
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Life on Earth. 1. Analysis of the oldest sedimentary rocks provides evidence for the origin of life. * Identify the relationship between the conditions on early Earth and the origin of organic molecules. * Scientists estimate that the universe is 10-20 billion years old and arose as a big bang‚ which is still expanding the universe. * The early Earth was very different from the Earth today and no oxygen was present. This means that there was no ozone layer exposing the Earth’s surface
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division is between the cells of the prokaryote kingdom (the bacteria) and those of the other four kingdoms (animals‚ plants‚ fungi and protoctista)‚ which are all eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells are smaller and simpler than eukaryotic cells‚ and do not have a nucleus. Prokaryote = without a nucleus Eukaryote = with a nucleus Eukaryotic Cells Cytoplasm (or Cytosol). This is the solution within the cell membrane. It contains enzymes for metabolic reactions together with sugars‚ salts‚ amino
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Monod 3. What are Koch’s postulates? Why are they important and how are they applied? 4. Describe the distinguishing features of the following‚ groups of microorganisms: algae‚ bacteria‚ fungi‚ protozoans‚ viruses‚ and microscopic stages of the multicellular parasites. 5. What are the basic differences between the four types of light microscopes (brightfield‚ darkfield‚ phase contrast and fluorescent)? What are their applications? 6. How do electron microscopes differ from the light microscopes?
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in the meristem tissues. They are located at the tips of roots‚ shoots‚ and in the stem‚ between the xylem and phloem. Why mitosis? 1. Growth. The number of cells within an organism increases by mitosis and this is the basis of growth in multicellular organisms. 2. Cell Replacement. Cells are constantly sloughed off‚ dying and being replaced by new ones in the skin and digestive tract. When damaged tissues are repaired‚ the new cells must be exact copies of the cells being replaced so as
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Different degrees of other contamination may also influence the outcome. Results partially agree with our hypothesis. UV radiation directly causes damage at a cellular level by inducing DNA mutations‚ and supresses the immune response of eukaryotic multicellular organisms by supressing T-cells (Green et al. 2011). In this experiment‚ yeast (unicellular eukaryote) was exposed to UV radiation which would increase the likelihood of mutating its DNA. Thus‚ the regular cellular activities and functionality
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erroneous idea • discuss how Koch’s postulates are used to establish the causal link between a suspected microorganism and a disease • describe some of the various activities of microorganisms that are beneficial to humans • describe prokaryotic and eukaryotic morphology and the distribution of microorganisms among the three domains in which living organisms are categorized • discuss the origin of life‚ the RNA world‚ and the evolution of microorganisms CHAPTER OUTLINE I. Microbiology—Introduction
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molecule. 275 pm =.275 um B. 1 Describe three differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic don’t have a nucleus and their cell type is unicellular. They do not have a true membrane bound nucleus and they have loop DNA. They are rod shaped‚ spherical and spiral and they divide by binary fission. They are smaller in size as well. Eukaryotic have tangled DNA and they have a nucleus. They have a multicellular cell type and they have a true membrane bound nucleus and they depend on oxygen
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Microbiology! 1) Groups of Organisms (7): Eukaryote: TRUE nucleus 1. Fungi 4. Bacteria 2. Algae 5. Rickettsia 3. Protozoa ! Prokaryote: NO Nucleus Ribosome is the only Organelle 6. Mycoplasma (7. Viruses: No cell structure‚ ARE NOT CELLS) Microorganisms are: ! UBIQUITOUS! ! HARMLESS IN THEIR NORMAL HABITAT ! OPPORTUNISTIC (If they leave their normal habitat and get into us) 2) Roles of Microorganisms: (Bacteria and Fungi are “Semi-Good”) - digestion -
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