The Central Dogma. This hypothesis was described by Crick in 1958. In 1953‚ Watson and Crick were the first to determine the true crystalline structure of DNA‚ using model building and then X-ray crystallography. Once the DNA structure was determined‚ the mechanisms behind inheritance‚ information flow‚ and gene function fell into place. Overall the flow of information is depicted as: DNA --> RNA --> protein. Both DNA and RNA can be replicated (i.e. DNA is synthesized from DNA‚ and RNA from RNA)
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a living thing (except virus‚ which consists only from DNA/RNA covered by protein and lipids)‚ and is often called the building block of life. Organisms can be classified as unicellular (consisting of a single cell; including most bacteria) or multicellular (including plants and animals). Humans contain about 10 trillion (1013) cells. Figure 1 showing components of a cell. (Source: Alvis Brazma 2001) http://www.ebi.ac.uk/microarray/biology_intro
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statements about cells is true? A cell is _____. A) only found in multiples of two‚ because single cells cannot exist independently B) always between 200 and 500 micrometers in diameter C) characteristic of eukaryotic but not prokaryotic organisms D) characteristic of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms Answer: D Reference: Section 1.4 Bloom’s Taxonomy: Level 1 Knowledge 2) How does a scientific theory differ from a scientific hypothesis? A) Theories are proposed to test scientific hypotheses
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Organisational Analysis With growing competition‚ especially from the impact of globalization (Hamilton et. al‚ 2009)‚ it is crucial for an organisation to develop strategies which maintain their survival‚ growth and success (Mullins‚ 2010) “The environment is the external context in which organisations find themselves undertaking their activities” (Capon‚ 2009‚ p5). Assessing the external environment is thus a crucial part of any business strategy. Organisations can either react as of when change
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Animal Kingdom The animal kingdom is a taxonomic kingdom composed of multicellular‚ eukaryotic organisms. Mostly‚ their body structures become fixed as they develop‚ yet still some organisms in this kingdom have the ability to undergo metamorphosis. The majority of these organisms are motile‚ which means they can move on their own and with spontaneity. All animals are heterotrophic‚ which implies that they depend on other organisms for food. Animals live in places that provide their necessities
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Compound Microscope Parts A high power or compound microscope achieves higher levels of magnification than a stereo or low power microscope. It is used to view smaller specimens such as cell structures which cannot be seen at lower levels of magnification. Essentially‚ a compound microscope consists of structural and optical components. However‚ within these two basic systems‚ there are some essential components that every microscopist should know and understand. These key microscope parts are illustrated
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How to Write a Reflective Report? By Greyson Ferguson eHow Contributor During the course of your time in school‚ you are most likely going to write your fair share of reflective reports and papers. You can write a reflective paper about almost anything‚ from a movie or book to your time in school. Your teacher or whomever is reading the paper is looking more for your personal output than specific research or the opinions of other individuals. Instructions 1 Begin with your initial thoughts about
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to be alike; but now‚ we know that they are all too different. In fact‚ the fungi kingdom is more closely related to the animalia kingdom. Some of the only notable similarities between the fungi and plantae kingdoms are that they are both made of eukaryotic cells‚ both immobile‚ both contain cell walls (although made of different material)‚ and both evolved from the protista kingdom. The most major difference is that fungi have no chlorophyll. This means they cannot photosynthesize‚ and are thus
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Midterm 1 stuff (1‚ 25‚ 26‚ 27‚ 28) 2) What characterizes a prokaryotic cell? a. the lack of ribosomes b. the lack of a membrane-enclosed nucleus c. the presence of a nucleus with no DNA d. the presence of mitochondria e. having a cell wall without a cell membrane 3) Which of the following does NOT comprise a logical hierarchy of organization? a. family‚ order‚ class‚ phylum‚ kingdom b. molecules‚ cells‚ tissues‚ organ systems‚ populations c. organisms‚ populations‚ communities‚ biomes
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cycle has a distinct set of specialized biochemical processes that prepare the cell for initiation of cell division. G0 phase The word "post-mitotic" is sometimes used to refer to both quiescent and senescent cells. Nonproliferative cells in multicellular eukaryotes generally enter the quiescent G0 state from G1 and may remain quiescent for long periods of time‚ possibly indefinitely . This is very common for cells that are fully differentiated. Cellular senescence occurs in response to DNA damage
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