Abstract The experiment is to identify the guilty suspect that is present at the crime scene by comparing with the DNA samples. Polymerase Chain Reaction(PCR) is used to amplify the small amount of Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) for forensic or genetic studies‚ which require necessary product and placed in the thermal cycle. Gel electrophoresis is being run in order to analyze and compare the DNA samples at the crime scene with the guilty suspects. Gel electrophoresis is used to separate DNA using
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In this experiment‚ the production of a Grignard reagent (phenylmagnesium bromide) was performed from a bromobenzene reactant combined with magnesium and ether. Phenylmagnesium bromide was then transformed into a tertiary alcohol called triphenylmethanol‚ through addition of another compound called benzophenone‚ as well as additional ether. The end product of triphenylmethanol was analyzed via NMR and IR. Figure 1: Preparation of the Grignard agent by combining bromobenzene with magnesium and ether
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Physical and Chemical Reactions Lab #4 Alesa Cannon Objective: To investigate the physical and chemical properties of a pure chemical substance. Procedure: 1. Half-fill one well of a 24-well plate with 6 M HCl and half-fill a second well of the 24-well plate with 6 M NaOH. Suck up these chemicals into their labeled pipets for later use. 2. Perform the following steps on each of the substances to be tested. Complete all tests of one substance and record your observations before proceeding
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Cells rely on processes such as cellular respiration and fermentation in order to produce ATP through a series of steps. There are two different types of fermentation: lactic acid fermentation in humans and alcohol fermentation in yeast and bacteria. All of these processes synthesize ATP‚ however‚ unlike respiration‚ both types of fermentation occur when oxygen is not present. In addition‚ each process undergoes a critical first
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Introduction The purpose of this experiment is to determine the rate equation for the “Iodine Clock Reaction” experiment. The experiment will consider the equations 〖2I〗^-+S_2 O_8→2〖〖SO〗_4〗^(2-)+I_2 and I_2+2〖S_2 O_3〗^(2-)→2I^-+S_4 O_6 in order to determine the rate law of Rate=k[〖〖S_2 O_8〗^(2-)]〗^a 〖[I^-]〗^b by using the experimental data to calculate the values of exponents a and b as well as the rate constant k. Experimental Supplies Needed: 250 mL Erlenmeyer flask‚ 100 mL beaker‚ graduated
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Purpose: To find out if the Unknown substances are bases or acids. Materials: goggles aprons paper for data table graduated cylinder unknown I substance beakers/test tubes stirring rod litmus paper pH indicator paper pH color chart phenolphthalein scoopula eye-dropper digital pH meter magnesium ribbon calculator unknown II substance forceps sodium bicarbonate Procedures: Test the pH of the Unknown substances with litmus paper and pH indicator paper and match to color chart
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boiled to find the boiling point and then identified using a chart of unknown identities and boiling points. The oxidation of the unknown alcohol was done through the mixing of the unknown alcohol‚ glacial acetic acid‚ and bleach. Through the procedure of oxidation over a period of two lab days‚
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Anna Powell 2nd I.Title: Acid-Base Titrations AP Chemistry Laboratory #6 II.Purpose: The purpose of this experiment is to standardize a sodium hydroxide solution and use the standard solution to titrate an unknown solid acid. The equivalent mass of the solid acid will be determined from the volume of sodium hydroxide added at the equivalence point. The equilibrium constant‚ Ks‚ of the solid acid will be calculated from the titration curve obtained by plotting the pH of the solution versus
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Single Displacement Reaction The objective of this experiment was to observe evidence of a reaction and to determine the chemical equation‚ if there is a reaction. In order for a reaction to occur‚ a metal strip must have evidence of black or grey deposits on the surface of the metal once dipped into the solution. The reactivity of an element is related to its tendency to lose or gain electrons. Three metal strips that were used are copper‚ lead and zinc as well as the solutions of silver nitrate
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Abstract: The purpose of this lab is to prepare phenylmagnesium bromide‚ a Grignard reagent‚ and react it with benzophenone to give triphenylmethanol. Once made‚ the Grignard reagent will do a nucleophilic attack on the carbonyl carbon of the ketone‚ benzophenone. The result is an alkoxide that is then protonated to give the alcohol‚ triphenylmethanol. The purity of the final product will then be considered by melting point and IR spectroscopy. Final purified triphenylmethanol weighed 8.02 grams
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