#15 Synthesis of Ethyl Salicylate from Salicylic Acid ____________________________________________________________ _______________ Purpose: Salicylic acid is converted to the liquid ethyl salicylate by addition of ethanol. Yields of salicylic acid (week 1) and ethyl salicylate will be found‚ as well as the overall yield of the 2-step conversion of acetyl salicylic acid to ethyl salicylate. Introduction: Esters are formed from the reaction of acids and alcohols: O O
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Gringard Synthesis detailed procedure and scheme of the apparatus any changes to the original procedure‚ actual masses‚ and obs yield calculations and mp Discussion outline Grignard rxn (what is it used for‚ why important‚ the mechanism) Reaction set up (important details) How can the rxn be activated Second step: rxn of the Grignard reagent with acetophenone‚ quenching with ammonium chloride Isolation of the product‚ identification Possible or actual sources of error Part one of our experiment
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Synthesis of Salicylic Acid and Potentiometric Determination of its Purity and Dissociation Constant ------------------------------------------------- Abstract The purpose of the study is to synthesize salicylic acid from the ester‚ methyl salicylate‚ and determine the acid’s dissociation constant and purity. The ester was converted to salicylic acid by base hydrolysis. The products were refluxed and recrystallized‚ to ensure maximum purity‚ and filtered‚ dried‚ and weighed. The melting point
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The unknown carboxylic acid’s melting point was 108°C according to the Mel-Temp machine. The melting point is the temperature at which a solid precipitate changes into its liquid form upon heating. The melting point of benzoic acid‚ the aromatic carboxylic acid was 122°C. Thus‚ the product contained impurities which caused the solid to melt at a lower temperature than the actual temperature. Pure solids typically melt at higher temperatures while impure solids melt at lower temperatures. This is
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Experimental Errors and Uncertainty No physical quantity can be measured with perfect certainty; there are always errors in any measurement. This means that if we measure some quantity and‚ then‚ repeat the measurement‚ we will almost certainly measure a different value the second time. How‚ then‚ can we know the “true” value of a physical quantity? The short answer is that we can’t. However‚ as we take greater care in our measurements and apply ever more refined experimental methods‚ we can reduce
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Comment: Treat a Grignard reagent as an alkyl nucleophile i.e. CH3MgBr is equivalent to CH3- nucleophile. The Grignard reagent can also react with RX to form a longer chain alkane. Example: CH3CH2MgBr + CH3CH2Br CH3CH2CH2CH3 + MgBr2 In general‚ basicity parallels nucleophilic strength since both of them depend on the availability of the lone pair of electrons. The Grignard reagent is not only able to function as a nucleophile; it can operate as a base too by reacting with water to
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procedures were divided into two categories. First the formation of phenylmagnesium bromide‚ and second the reaction of the phenylmagnesium bromide with the carbonyl compound. However‚ before any of this could be done‚ the refluxing apparatus for the Grignard reaction was to be flame dried until no moisture remained inside because any water would cause the reagent to decompose and an alkane to form. The reaction would subsequently fail. Drierite was placed inside a plastic drying tube as a drying agent
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ERRORS IN MEASUREMENT Errors in Measurement Structure 2.1 Introduction Objectives 2.2 Classification of Errors 2.2.1 Gross Errors 2.2.2 Systematic Errors 2.2.3 Random Errors 2.3 Accuracy and Precision 2.4 Calibration of the Instrument 2.5 Analysis of the Errors 2.5.1 Error Analysis on Common Sense Basis 2.5.2 Statistical Analysis of Experimental Data 2.6 Summary 2.7 Key Words 2.8 Answers to SAQs 2.1 INTRODUCTION The
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Megan Wierzbowski Organic II Laboratory Wed. 11-1:50 Title: Grignard Reaction with a Ketone: Triphenylmethanol Part 1 Objective: The goal of this experiment is to learn to make Grignard reagents. The reactions of the Grignard reagents with ketones form tertiary alcohols. These reagents are highly air- and moisture-sensitive materials. We will observe the formation of the Grignard reagents‚ which magnesium metal is transformed into organometallic salts. Experimental Procedure:
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Photochemical Synthesis of Benzopinacol and its Acid-Catalyzed Rerrangement Product Benzopinacolone M.E.G. Balita Institute of Chemistry‚ University of Philippines‚ Diliman‚ Quezon City Date Performed: February 18‚ 2011 Date Submitted: March 4‚ 2011 Abstract In this experiment it is aimed to synthesize benzopinacol through photochemical reaction of benzophenone and‚ benzopinacolone via acid-catalyzed rearrangement of benzopinacol. In this experiment‚ mixture of benzophenone‚ isopropyl
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