wanted more magnificent architectural structures and tombs dedicated for them. The most well known of these structures are the Great Pyramids in Gizeh‚ Egypt. The three pyramids were dedicated to the Fourth Dynasty pharaohs‚ Khufu (r.2551-2528 BCE)‚ Khafre (r. 2520-2494 BCE)‚ and Menkaure (2490-2472 BCE). Unlike the pre-dynastic stepped pyramid‚ the Old Kingdom pyramids were smoother on the sides which was influenced by the powerful cult of Re‚ the Heliopolis. Similar to the stepped pyramids‚ the four
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suggest that deification was a later development (unlike the case of the Akkadian god-kings). Over the centuries there was a gradual accretion of stories about him‚ some probably derived from the real lives of other historical figures‚ in particular Gudea‚ the Second Dynasty ruler of Lagash (2144–2124
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It is customary to establish comparisons between the pyramids erected by the pharaohs of ancient Egypt and the pre-Colombian pyramids built in Mexico and other regions of Central America. There are even those who‚ albeit without any plausible historical basis‚ claim that those two distant regions shared cultural and ideological relationships which would be the justification for an apparent and misleading similarity in shape. The Egyptian pyramids are funerary monuments of the kings of ancient
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Post and lintel architecture is the creation of vertical supports‚ or posts‚ that hold up a beam‚ the lintel‚ which comes across the horizon. Many uses of this idea are the creation of windows‚ and doors. Once the beam is placed there‚ it then relies on the act of gravity. One example of the post and lintel method is the Lion Gate at Mycenae. The Lion Gate is located in Greece. It was created about 1250 B.C. This gate is believed to be a tomb portal; it is the entrance to the city of Mycenae
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other world can find or recognize these objects. Shadow bridges or blocks connect limbs to block‚ solid. Bilateral symmetry Suppresses subjectivity (individual creativity) G+H Khafre‚ 2500 BCE Ka (spirit statue) Designed for the afterlife‚ for their tombs. Not meant to be seen by human eyes Granite – Diorite Khafre‚ c2520-2494 BCE. Ka Spirit statue. rigidity is important since it has a use for after life‚ rather than look as much. Its supposed to be animated despite its immobility. Solidity
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Venus of Willendorf from Willendorf‚ Austria 28‚000 – 25‚000 BCE Limestone Naturhistorisches Museum‚ Vienna Paleolithic - representation of a woman - female anatomy is exaggerated - serves as a fertility image - no facial features‚ just hair/hat - freestanding sculpture Statuettes of 2 worshipers from the Square Temple at Eshnunna (Tell Asmar)‚ Iraq 2700 BCE (early dynastic/Sumerian) Soft gypsum and inlaid with shell + black limestone Iraq Museum‚ Baghdad - represent mortals praying
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shaped the stone into the lion and gave it their king’s face over 4‚500 years ago. Khafre’s name was also mentioned on the Dream Stele‚ which sits between the paws of the great beast. However‚ no one is completely certain that it is in fact the face of Khafre‚ though indeed that is the preponderance of
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EXAM I VOCABULARY Paleolithic and Neolithic Vocabulary to Know: * Paleolithic – 40‚000-8‚000 BC Old Stone Age‚ mankind produced * Neolithic – New Stone Age 1. Comes about at different times at different locations due to ice age ending unevenly 1. Development of organized system of agriculture (replacing hunting gathering community) 1. Domestication of animals 1. Permanent architecture (year round settlements) * Iconography – pictoral representations * sculpture
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Blue monument‚ C. 3100-2700 BCE Combined words and picture Relief – figures or text raised above ground Etching or Intaglio – figures or text incised into ground Writing is catalyst for storage and dissemination of information Gudea Ruled polis of Lagash C. 2150 BCE Devotional status carved in Diorite Writing on lower garment contains his name and a list of his achievements Law Code of Hammurabi (Babylonian‚ C. 1800-1750 BCE) Diorite stele Cuneiform text Laws and punishments
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One of the most famous structures on the list of the seven wonders of the ancient world is The Great Pyramid of Giza. What makes this structure the most recognizable on the list? Not only is this pyramid the oldest structure on the list‚ but it is the only structure that still remains. The Great Pyramid of Giza was the tallest man made structure in the world for 3800 years which is not only a testament to its durability but to its mark as one of the most remarkable structures built. It is no
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