2005 study and comparing the results. Findings suggest that there have been some changes towards individualism while at the same time there is an increase in the uncertainty avoidance of e-commerce users in Cyprus. Keywords: Culture; E-Commerce; Hofstede 1.0 Introduction The increase in the internet usage overall and the increase in the e-commerce activity world-wide continues. For smaller nations‚ such as Cyprus‚ the penetration of e-commerce in the island’s population may be smaller but it
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MBS618 – Dispute Management Lecturer: Mr Ernest Charles Boswarva “Assignment 1 – Case 8 Sick Leave” 3383 words CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION 3 2 NEGOTIATION 3 2.1 CONTEXT OF NEGOTIATIONS 3 2.2 FORMS OF NEGOTIATIONS 4 2.3 TANGIBLE / INTANGIBLE FACTORS 5 3 CULTURE 6 3.1 CROSS CULTURAL COMPARISONS 6 3.1.1 POWER DISTANCE 7 3.1.2 INDIVIDUALISM 7 3.1.3 MASCULINITY 8 3.1.4 UNCERTAINTY AVOIDANCE 8 3.1.5 PRAGMATISM 9 3.1.6 INDULGENCE 9 3.2 SHARED VALUES 9 3.3 THE INFLUENCE OF
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of different cultures would be useful. Hofstede’s cultural taxonomy helps in the understanding of cultural differences. Hofstede proposed that people carry mental programs that are developed during their childhood and are reinforced by their culture (Lustig‚ Koester‚ 2006‚ p.114). Through these programs‚ the ideas of a culture are expressed through its principal values. Hofstede conducted a study of over 100‚000 IBM employees in over seventy-one countries in order to identify these principal values
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advances that in dealing with matters of culture in the international domain‚ the point in question is how these cultural issues are managed and not the mere existence of the same that determines the success or failures of organisations. Keywords: Hofstede‚ National culture‚ Organisational culture‚ Multi-national companies 1. Introduction Culture affects and governs all facets of life by influencing values‚ attitudes and behaviours of a society. The culture of an organisation relates to the unique
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The Role of Culture in Conflict Humans are unique products of individual temperaments‚ varying life experiences‚ family upbringings‚ and individual mental patterns; moreover‚ they are also products of the cultures in which they live or have lived (Angelica‚ 2004). Culture establishes many of our communication patterns as well as our basic values. 32 Often‚ these values are so familiar as to be invisible to the holders. When not understood‚ these cultural patterns can be a source of conflict
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ingroups and outgroups. On the other hand‚ in high-context cultures (Japan‚ Arab countries) the message is unclear and it ’s difficult to be entered if the person is an outsider. Another academic known for his research in the field is Geert Hofstede. He developed four cultural dimensions power distance‚ individualism‚ uncertainty avoidance and masculinity. Power distance is the emotional distance between superiors and subordinates. It ’s concerned with a society ’s level of inequality. Individualism
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4.0 Bargaining Power of Suppliers 4.1 Degree of Supplier Concentration The Australia LCD screen TV business is currently dominated by a lot of electronic manufacturers. They are Acer‚ LG‚ Sony‚ Samsung and many others different company (PC Authority 2007). Products from these manufacturers can be found selling in companies like‚ Dick Smith Electronic‚ Myer‚ David Jones‚ Harvey Norman and others electronic retailers. The bargaining power of a supplier is the ability to influence the setting of
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Gotzamani‚ K. 2010. The logistics services outsourcing dilemma: quality management and financial performance perspectives. Emerald Group Publishing Ltd. Guirdham‚ M. 2005. Communicating Across Cultures at Work. Palgrave Macmillan. (HOFSTEDE).P49 Hofstede‚ G Hofstede‚ G. 2010. Cultural Dimension. [Retrieved online via]. http://www.geert-hofstede.com/hofstede_united_states.shtml. Thoppil‚ D. A. 2008. Third-party logistics firms escape slowing economy. Reuters. Bhaskaran‚ S. 2007. National
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while starting a new business in different country is the customs and protocol which is highlighted in this report. Furthermore‚ the Indian meeting protocol and negotiation technique is illustrated in details in the next section supported by Hofstede cultural dimension’s theory. This protocol is researched in terms of making appointments‚ greeting‚ business attire‚ expressing disagreement and decision making process. After that‚ a brief PESTEL analysis was conducted to eliminate the most important
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2008. A. International Human Resource Management‚ the fifth edition‚ p. 5 Doz‚ Y Fan‚ H. 1995. Confucian and Japanese Mode‚ p. 148-149 Fayol‚ H Heenan‚ D. and Perlmutter‚ H. 1979. Multinational organization development Hofstede‚ G Hofstede‚ G. 1998. Culture‟s Consequences‚ p. 6. Hofstede‚ G. 2001. Culture‟s Consequences‚ p. 351-360. Huang‚ W. 2005. Human resource management and development cases‚ p. 233-240 Keeley‚ T Legge‚ K. with Ackroyd‚ S. 1995. Human resource management‚ p. 220-241‚ in The Oxford
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