I. Introduction a. Back ground of the Study Triac The TRIAC is a three terminal semiconductor device for controlling current. It gains its name from the term TRIode for AlternatingCurrent. It is effectively a development of the SCR or thyristor‚ but unlike the thyristor which is only able to conduct in one direction‚ the TRIAC is a bidirectional device. TRIAC The TRIAC is an ideal device to use for AC switching applications because it can control the current flow over both halves of
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TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. P-N JUNCTION DIODE CHARACTERISTICS 1 2. ZENER DIODE CHARACTERISTICS 6 3. TRANSISTOR COMMON -BASE CONFIGURATION 11 4. TRANSISTOR CE CHARACTERSTICS 16 6. FULL-WAVE RECTIFIER 26 7. FET CHARACTERISTICS 31 8. h-PARAMETERS OF CE CONFIGURATION 36 9. TRANSISTOR CE AMPLIFIER 43 10. COMMON COLLECTOR AMPLIFIER 48 11. RC COUPLED AMPLIFIER 53 12. COMMON SOURCE FET AMPLIFIER 58 13. WEIN BRIDGE OSCILLATOR 63 14. RC PHASE SHIFT OSCILLATOR 66 15. CURRENT-SERIES
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PONENTS 1. TRANSISTOR:-When a thin slice of p-type is sandwiched between two blocks of n-type‚ then n-p-n transistor is formed. It consists of emitter‚ base‚ and collector. In the project‚ common emitter n-p-n transistor ( BC-147 & SL-100) is used. 2. DIODE:- When a p-type
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Theory CONDUCTORS‚ INSULATORS AND CONDUCTIVITY Conduction of electricity in electric circuits takes place due to the presence of excess electrons in materials called conductors. Electrons move in the direction in which the potential has been applied. The ability of a conductor to conduct electricity is directly proportional to the material’s area of cross section and inversely proportional to its length. Where‚ G is conductance σ is conductivity A is area of cross section
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Single Patch Microstrip Antenna Based on Koch and Sierpinski Fractal-shapes. Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters.17‚ 95-103. Chiam‚ T. M.‚ L. C. Ong‚ Karim‚ M. F. and Guo‚ Y. X. (2009). 5.8GHz Circularly Polarized Rectennas Using Schottky Diode and LTC 5535 Rectifier for RF Energy Harvesting. Proc. of Asia Pacific Microwave Conference 2009. IEEE 66 The size of the rectenna is considered quite large. Surprisingly‚ the circuits are nice and well etched as fractals have complex designs. I am
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Basic Electronics Semiconductor —I • Materials that permit flow of electrons are called conductors (e.g.‚ gold‚ silver‚ copper‚ etc.). • Materials that block flow of electrons are called insulators (e.g.‚ rubber‚ glass‚ Teflon‚ mica‚ etc.). • Materials whose conductivity falls between those of conductors and insulators are called semiconductors. • Semiconductors are “part-time” conductors whose conductivity can be controlled. germanium Semiconductors silicon
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Diagram and its Description 2.1.1 Transformer 2.1.2 Rectifier 2.1.3 Smoothing 2.1.4 Regulator Component List Schematic of Variable Power Supply Working of the Circuit 2 2 2 2 3 3 4 5 2.2 2.3 2.4 3-HARDWARE PORTRAYAL 3.1 3.2 3.3 Transformer Diode Capacitor 3.3.1 Electrolyte Capacitor 3.3.2 Unpolarised Capacitor 3.3.3 Capacitor Colour Code Resistor 3.4.1
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EXPERIMENT NO-1 AIM- To determine the frequency of A. C. mains by using an electric vibrator. APPARATUS- Electric vibrator‚ table lamp‚ pulley‚ weight box‚ fishing cord‚ a. c. source. THEORY- when a cord of mass per unit length m is connected to the vibrating rod of the vibrator and stretched with a tension T‚ the cord vibrators in segments. If the length of the cord is then adjusted until the nodes are clearly marked‚ the frequency of the stretched string is the same as of the vibrating rod which
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Lovely Professional University‚Punjab Format For Instruction Plan [for Courses with Lectures and Tutorials Course No ece201 Cours Title ELECTRONIC DEVICES AND CIRCUITS Course Planner ECE201 ELECTRONIC DEVICES AND CIRCUITS 15330 :: Ishan Luthra Text Book: Other Specific Book: Lectures Tutorial Practical Credits 3 1 0 1 JACOB MILLMAN & HALKIAS‚ INTEGRATED ELECTRONICS: ANALOG & DIGITAL CIRCUIT SYSTEMS‚ Mc GRAW HILL‚ 1991 EDITION‚ 41 PRINT‚ 2005. 2 1. ROBERT
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11/24/2013 CLASSIFICATIONS of MATERIALS Semiconductor Theory a. Conductor b. Semiconductor c. Insulator • Number of valence electrons is 1-3 with very high conductivity • Number of valence electrons is 4 with intermediate conductivity • Number of valence electrons is 5-8 with very low conductivity Semiconductor Conductors • Has more electrons that are free to move • Supports charge carriers to flow • Support flow of electricity • Has very low resistance allowing
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