Product Breakdown Structure Toolkit 1. Overview If your are familiar with PRINCE2 pre-20091‚ you’ll know that it recommended the use of a number of techniques‚ one of which is Product Based Planning. A Product Breakdown Structure (PBS) is an essential part of this‚ its purpose being to define the products (deliverables) of a project and how they relate to each other. Product Based Planning has four components: • Product Description: a description of the overall project deliverables. In
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Augmented Product The concept of the augmented product arises from the need to differentiate a generic product from those of its competitors. Brands cannot exist in the long-run unless consumers can distinguish it from others. The more distinctive a brand position‚ with favorable attributes that the customer considers important‚ the less likelihood that a customer will accept a substitute. To attract and retain consumers‚ the brand must convince them that it is relevant to the consumer’s individual
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PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE CONCEPT OF PRODUCTS LIFECYCLE (ELEMENTARY KNOWLEDGE) Product Life Cycle Definition by Philip Kotler: "An attempt to recognise distinct stages in the sales history of the product " PLC concept implies: Products have a limited life. Product sales pass through distinct stages with each stage posing Challenges/Opportunities/ Problems. Profits rise/fall during different stages of product life cycle. Products require different marketing/manufacturing./ finance/ purchase/ HR
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f The product life cycle (PLC) includes the stages the product goes through after development‚ from introduction to the end of the product. Just as children go through different phases in life (toddler‚ elementary school‚ adolescent‚ young adult‚ and so on)‚ products and services also age and go through different stages. The PLC is a beneficial tool that helps marketers manage the stages of a product’s acceptance and success in the marketplace‚ beginning with the product’s introduction‚ its
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MARKETING THROUGH THE PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE A company’s positioning and differentiation strategy must change as the product‚ market and competitors change over time. Due to this‚ a product is assumed to follow the concept of the product life cycle (PLC). Kotler (2000) say that a product has a life cycle is to assert four things: Products have a limited life; product sales pass through distinct stages with different challenges‚ opportunities‚ and problems for the seller; profits rise and fall at different
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Kellogg’s Product lifecycle Link to case study Overview: a case study focusing on the development of Kellogg’s Special K brand Learning objectives: ➢ to understand the product life cycle ➢ to understand the value of market research ➢ to examine extension strategies. Introduction (2 minutes) Introduction to the lesson: you will look at the product life cycle and how marketing may change at different stages. Then you will consider the decline stage and how firms such as Kellogg’s may react
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Eco-Friendly products Eco-friendly products are products that do not harm the environment‚ whether in their production‚ use or disposal. Eco-friendly refers to anything that is good for the environment‚ also called as environmentally friendly or Green. So an eco-friendly product refers to those products that do not affect or cause any harm to the environment. Some of these going green products when in use‚ help conserve energy‚ minimize carbon footprint or the emission of greenhouse gases‚ and
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Product Failure Failure refers to the state or condition of not meeting a desirable or intended objective‚ and may be viewed as the opposite of success. Product failure ranges from failure to sell the product to fracture of the product‚ in the worst cases leading to personal injury‚ the province of forensic engineering. The criteria for failure are heavily dependent on context of use‚ and may be relative to a particular observer or belief system. A situation considered to be a failure by one might
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Decline Stage A product form has reached this stage when it becomes clear the market is no longer able to sustain itself. Like the Maturity stage‚ the Decline stage may last a long time especially for products that have been adopted by a large percentage of the market who are not inclined to change how they satisfy their needs (i.e.‚ Laggards). Since the end of the product form is seen as inevitable‚ there are no sub-stages here. Characteristics: · Competition: As time goes on firms drop out until
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Introduction Phase The introduction phase is when the public first sees or hears about a product. The product appears in stores for the first time‚ and people start seeing print and television ads. During this phase‚ a company may choose one of two pricing strategies. They may set prices high to recoup initial expenses that went into producing the product. For example‚ a cellphone manufacturer with new technology may introduce cellphones 10 percent to 20 percent above the prices of most premium
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