4‚ pp. 223-233‚ Apr 2012 (ISSN 2220-3796) Brand Elements Lead to Brand Equity: Differentiate or Die Mosarrat Farhana University of Dhaka‚ Bangladesh mosarrat_58@yahoo.com Abstract: The aim of this paper is to discuss brand elements and to explore its contribution to brand equity based on some relevant research reviews and some examples of prominent brands where brand elements have played a significant role to reach consumer’s head and heart. Brand is a combination of name‚ symbol or design‚ which
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Chapter 1 Related Theory Discussion 1.1 Brand: The American Marketing Association defines a brand as a "Name‚ term‚ design‚ symbol‚ or any other feature that identifies one seller ’s good or service as distinct from those of other sellers." A brand can take many forms‚ including a name‚ sign‚ symbol‚ color combination or slogan. For example‚ Coca Cola is the name of a brand make by a particular company. 1.2 Local brand: A local brand is a brand that is sold and marketed (distributed and
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RJR Nabisco Valuation When assessing the valuation of RJR Nabisco bids‚ the Special committee should utilize the Capital Cash Flow method. The Capital Cash Flow method‚ when applied appropriately‚ should yield the same valuation when discounting a company’s Free Cash Flow. To get Capital Cash Flows (CCF)‚ Net Income is adjusted by adding back non-cash expenses and other reconciliations to form cash flow‚ decreasing Capital Expenditures‚ decreasing changes in Net Working Capital and finally‚ adding
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The Brand Elements of Vodafone Submitted to: Prof. Manoj Motiani Submitted by: Bharat Kumar Bajaj Vimal Jagani Vipul Gupta
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2.0 REVIEW OF LITERATURE 2.1 THEORETICAL BACKGROUND BRAND PERSONALITY A brand personality can be defined as the set of human characteristics associated with a given brand. Thus it includes such characteristics as gender‚ age‚ and socioeconomic class‚ as well as such classic personality traits as warmth‚ concern and sentimentality. Brand Personality like human personality‚ is both distinctive and enduring. For example‚ one analysis found Coke to be considered real and authentic whereas Pepsi was
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Halmstad University School of Business and Engineering Master Dissertation in International Marketing Master Dissertation in Strategic Management and Leadership The Analysis of Challenges and Opportunities in Brand Extension Authors: Chen Si Jia 891028-4986 Gu Jing 880711-T284 Supervisor: Gabriel Awuah Date of Submission: 31 May‚ 2012 Acknowledgements We would like to firstly thank our supervisor‚ Professor Gabriel Awuah‚ for his constant support and inspiring advices during
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The main character is Everyman‚ he symbolzises humanity. In the beginning we hear god speaking of everyman in disappointment because he is seeking material objects over fear of god. So he decides to send everyman on a pilgrimage that will certainly kill him‚ and he is allowed to bring people with him‚ but they gotta be willing to accompany everyman on this deadly pilgrimage. But who will be willing to certainly forfeit their lives to help everyman? This is the dilemma that everyman is faced with
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loyalty: implications for service providers. The Journal of Services Marketing‚ 11(3)‚ pp. 165-179. Jacoby‚ J. & Kryner‚ D. B. (1973) Brand loyalty vs. repeat purchasing behavior. Journal of Marketing Research‚ February‚ pp. 1-9. Oliver‚ R. L. (1999) Whence consumer loyalty. Journal of Marketing‚ 63(special issue)‚ pp. 33-44. Wernerfelt‚ B. (1991) Brand loyalty and market equilibrium. Marketing Science‚ 10(3)‚ pp. 229-245. Javalgi‚ R. G. & Moberg‚ C. R. (1997) Service loyalty: implications
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Study on the Association between Brand Awareness and Consumer/Brand Loyalty for the Packaged Milk Industry in Pakistan M.I. Subhani and Amber Osman* ABSTRACT Brand awareness remains fundamental to consumer life as the interaction initiation point to the brands. This paper put forwards the relationship of brand awareness on consumer/brand loyalty in the packaged milk brands in the urban Pakistan. There is evidence of brand awareness and consumer/brand loyalty on brand equity. The approach takes into
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