Statement of problem The study was conducted to identify the customer perception about the private label brands at the Big bazaar. The study was limited to the private label brands in the food‚ apparels and the electronics section. The research was mainly conducted to identify various factors which influenced the buying behaviour of the private label brands. The study also intended to identify the demand for certain products which the customers would prefer to buy if included in the private label category
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across India and this most importantly has not been restricted to just metros. Even second tier cities like Bhopal‚ Amritsar‚ Surat‚ Ranchi etc are being looked upon as potential feasible destinations of upscale star brands. The hotel industry in India can be divided into eight segments based on the norms set by the Ministry of Tourism. They are 5-Star Deluxe‚ 5-Star‚ 4-Star‚ 3-Star‚ 2-Star‚ 1-Star‚ Heritage and Unclassified. However‚ the 3-star‚ 2-star‚ 1star and unclassified hotels in India are spread
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CUSTOMER LOYALTY EFFECT ON FAST FOOD BRAND RETENTION 1.0 Background of Research 2.1 Problem Statement Based on the analysis from Euromonitor International (2010)‚ the report indicated that consumer spending on food has increased over the years‚ from RM 32‚317.8 million (2005) to RM 44.121.5 million (2010). According to Abdul Rehman Muhammad‚ Zia-ur-Rehman and Dr. Waheed Akhtar (n.d.)‚ creating loyalty about any brand and to retain customers is an essential and crucial element and
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A company is able to increase brand equity for a product that is in the maturity phase of the PLC. The maturity phase is characterized by increase competition‚ established brand recognition and slowing sales growth. In this phase product differentiation and market dominance become more critical (Anderson & Zeithaml‚ 1984). Brand equity is a set of brand assets and liabilities linked to a brand‚ its name‚ and symbol that add or subtract from the value provided by a product (Cravens‚ 1997). When a
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Valuation models Discounted cash flow models: Dividend discount Free cash flow to the firm Residual income Multiples-based valuation: Price-earnings Value-EBITDA Value-EBIT Value-Sales Price-Book value Equity valuation In conjunction with the valuation of Coles Group‚ contained in “Excel03 Equity valuation” Real options valuation Equity markets price shares above the present value of expected future cash flows‚ due to the presence of embedded options not captured by DCF analysis Real
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Cost of equity refers to a shareholder’s required rate of return on an equity investment. It is the rate of return that could have been earned by putting the same money into a different investment with equal risk. How It Works/Example: The cost of equity is the rate of return required to persuade an investor to make a given equity investment. In general‚ there are two ways to determine cost of equity. First is the dividend growth model: Cost of Equity = (Next Year’s Annual Dividend /
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Valuation of equity Example based on dividend discount model : Vardhman limited’s earnings and dividends have been growing at a rate of 18% per annum. This growth rate is expected to continue for 4 years. After that the growth rate will fall to 12 % for the next 4 years. Thereafter‚ the growth rate is expected to be 6 % forever. If the last dividend per share was RS. 2.00 And the investor’s required rate of return on verdhman’s equity is 15% what is the intrinsic value per share? Step 1: the
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through borrowing which would increase the value. The change in WACC would result to a change in the value of the assets. Q2: The increase in value gets apportioned based on the market value weights of Debt and Equity. Based on the calculation‚ 50% to debt and equity‚ market value weights equals to 43% debt and 57% equity. Q1: Barrowing can create a value if it is within a feasible point‚ beyond than that it might have a negative impact on the company value. A company can benefit from
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"Equity is a subjective evaluation‚ not an objective one. Based on the comparison that individuals use‚ each individual is likely to develop different perceptions of equity." (Scholl‚ 2000) When individuals look at the equity model on the job scale‚ they compare their contributions and rewards to that of those around them (associates‚ coworkers‚ management‚ etc.). If the equation is balanced‚ the "equity"--as society puts it--is accomplished. If it is unbalanced‚ the inequity may cause individual
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SBU of Square toiletries ltd. The basic marketing need is to meet people bad dody odor problem. Kool brand is focused on the male segment of the market. 2.1 market summary The estimated market size is approx TK 200 million. Nearly 38% use Telkom powder as deodorant. Major competitors are Unileaver’s rexona‚ Telkom powder and some foreign brands. Very small amount of people use foreign brands. Rexona came up with strong media campaign and has succeeded to have a good share in the market. Kool
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