Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a lentivirus (slowly-replicating retrovirus) that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)‚[1] an infectious disease in which progressive failure of the human immune system leads to life-threatening opportunistic infections and/or cancer. HIV infects vital cells in the human immune system such as helper T cells (specifically CD4+ T cells)‚ macrophages‚ and dendritic cells. HIV infection leads to low levels of CD4+ T cells through three main mechanisms:
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Communicable Diseases are transmitted from one person to the next. The transmission occurs via airborne viruses or bacteria‚ but may also be transmitted through bodily fluids or blood. Communicable diseases may also be referred to as contagious or infectious diseases. One communicable disease is Chickenpox‚ also known as Varicella-Zoster Virus. Chickenpox is extremely contagious. In fact‚ it had a 90 percent rate of transmission in close contact (CDC.gov). Before 1995‚ almost all persons acquired varicella by
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A cold is a contagious virus respiratory infection that mainly affects the nose. Because it mainly affects the nose‚ you all know that one feeling while you have a cold that’s in your nostrils. You know‚ the one where it feels like your nose is clogged up‚ and no matter how hard you blow on a tissue‚ nothing comes out‚ and the clogged up feeling is still there. Because of this‚ you can’t breathe as well and easily. The reasoning behind this is because of irritated blood vessels‚ and the irritated
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On the evening of May 15‚ 5065‚ an outbreak of a virus spread throughout the world. It reached from the site of the Virus to the other side of the world. Mandy‚ and her crew of people were in the middle of it all. Joe the team’s strong leader led Mandy‚ Phil (The Vampire)‚ and Tiff the model of the team‚ and Rufus the team’s pet dog went to a place known as Shalada also known as their camp. Their camp a small hut made of wood‚ and leaves protected them from the monsters that lurk outside in the
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Development of a Monovalent Vaccine Based on cAdVax Technology Against Zaire Ebola Virus Offers Hope in Developing a Bivalent Vaccine Against the 2 Deadliest Strains Microbial Genetics BT405 Thomas Jefferson University December 15‚ 2010 Development of a Monovalent Vaccine Based on cAdVax Technology Against Zaire Ebola Virus Offers Hope in Developing a Bivalent Vaccine Against the 2 Deadliest Strains Ebola viruses are a group of highly pathogenic filoviruses that cause outbreaks of severe
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How worried are you about the Influenza Virus? The Influenza virus‚ commonly known as the flu‚ is a viral disease that can be infectious in mammals and birds‚ it´s caused by RNA viruses. This disease is most common between the months of October and May‚ it can last from three days to five days; it´s an acute disease‚ because manifests quickly and last a short time. There are three types of Influenza according to how severe they are; Type A: The most severe type with the most acute symptoms.
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Helpful Cowpox- Virus Size-275nm Edward Jenner found the application for the cowpox virus as a vaccine over 200 years ago(2). The innovation of the cowpox vaccine led to the eradication of the smallpox virus and is the biggest contribution to biomedical science and human health(1). Lactobacillus- Bacteria Size- 0.9 um Lactobacillus bacteria can help prevent intestinal
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Blood Transfusions 101 By: Nicola Karen Adamson‚ NHS Tayside‚ BN‚ DipHe Purpose The purpose of this module is to teach the clinical RN the basics of blood‚ how to administer a blood/blood component transfusion safely‚ and the hazards of transfusion related to blood administration. This module is indicated for teaching purposes based on the fact that the NHS requires at least quarterly review of blood usage‚ oversight of blood transfusion practices‚ documentation of blood transfusion errors‚ and
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The H1N1 virus (swine influenza) is a novel infection that has not earlier been known in North America. It has recently‚ however‚ infected a number of people in the United States and Mexico. Swine flu is actually a respiratory virus of pigs which was first identified in 1918 and although historic diffusion to human beings has been sporadic‚ the infection rate in humans is intensifying at present (Barnes‚ 2008). The H1N1 virus‚ just like seasonal influenza‚ is simply spread by the minute drops
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Type A Influenza Virus Essay Influenza: a virus that replicates‚ mutates‚ spreads among species‚ and the cause of the recent H1N1 scare is definitely an apparent danger to humans today. Type A influenza is an RNA virus that ‘reproduces’ through replication. The virus particles are surrounded by hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) – both are structural glycoproteins attached to the virus’s outside lipid bi-layer. HA serves its function in helping the virus to bind to the sialic acid receptors
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