Chapter 2 – VALUATION AND CHARACTERISTIC OF BONDS AND STOCKS 1.0 Bonds A bond is a promissory note issued by a business or a governmental unit. Treasury bonds‚ sometimes referred to as government bonds‚ are issued by the Federal government and are not exposed to default risk. Corporate bonds are issued by corporations and are exposed to default risk. Different corporate bonds have different levels of default risk‚ depending on the issuing company ’s characteristics and on the terms of the specific
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LECTURE 8 STOCK VALUATION CLASS QUESTION 8 1. Dividend yield example: If two companies both pay annual dividends of $1 per share‚ but ABC company’s stock is trading at $20 while XYZ company’s stock is trading at $40. In which company would an investor prefer to investment based on its dividend yield? 2. If the stock market is semi-strong efficient‚ which of the following statements is correct? a. All stocks should have the same expected returns; however‚ they may have different realized returns
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Income inequality: Causes and Trends The distribution of wealth is extremely unequal in America and the whole world. This paper documents the growing inequality‚ and examines three reasons for its increase. The income growth for top earners is faster than income growth for the poor. This accelerated income growth for top earners would increase the income gap between top earners and the poor. In addition‚ income inequality between the poor and top earners in the US is becoming greater than in other
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NATIONAL INCOME Definition: According to Alfred Marshall‚ National Income is the labour and Capital of a country‚ acting on its natural resources‚ produced annually a certain net aggregate of commodities and in materials including services of all kinds. This is the net annual income or revenue of the country or the true national dividend. According to A.C.Pigou “ The national income dividend is that part of the objective income of the community‚ including‚ the income derived from aboard
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Classificatory smoothing of Income with Extraordinary Items - Summary Within this paper they talk about whether extraordinary items are used to smooth ordinary or operating income over time. The role of extraordinary items was never really looked at become separately and that is what they wanted to look at. They talk about how previously the focus was on net income after extraordinary items but that it is important to look at net income before extraordinary items also
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Distribution of Income • The fifth macroeconomical goals to ensure that income distribution is equitable. Equitable means fair‚ but fairness is an elusive concept and it means different things to different people. • A more equitable distribution may help to accelerate growth and promote human and economic development in many ways: • The propensity to consume of the poor is higher than that of the rich so redistribution will increase aggregate demand especially for basic goods and services.
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social discrimination existed all over the world‚ such as racial‚ religions‚ sex discrimination etc. Every person has equality before the law‚ but‚ in many case‚ the fate of people would be decided to depend on their background. Depending on parent income‚ some people can graduate from private university‚ others just graduate from public high school. In fact‚ these different of process would greatly influence in their future. As I watched video which story about social discrimination and each worker
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National income is a measure of the total value of goods and services produced in a country over a given period‚ usually a year. Simply‚ it is the total amount of income earned by the citizens of a nation. The term national income normally refers to the Gross National Product (GNP) of a country in a given year. GNP is a measure of the total market value of final goods and services produced by all the citizens of a nation in a year. There are three main approaches to measuring National Income these
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_ Tran Nam Quan: Blue Bui Minh Tri Quy : Task 1: Which of the following items are income: Rent from a residential rental property rented by a young family? yes‚ ordinary income under sec. 6-5 A birthday gift ? No A dividend from BP? Yes‚ Statutory income under sec.44(1) ITAA 1936 Wages and Salaries from your employer? Yes. Ordinary income under sec 6-5 Bank Interest Received? Yes‚ Ordinary income under sec 6-5(2) Your boss takes you out to dinner? No An allowance paid for your
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1. [DCF Valuation and Ownership Concepts] The venture investors and founders of ACE Products‚ a closely held corporation‚ are contemplating merging the successful venture into a much larger diversified firm that operates in the same industry. ACE estimates its free cash flows that will be available to the enterprise next year at $5‚200‚000. Since the venture is now in its maturity stage‚ ACE’s free cash flows are expected to continue to grow at a 6 percent annual compound growth rate in the future
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